Applications of Field Theory to Condensed Matter Physics

该奖项支持低维凝聚态系统中电子的研究和教育，具有大量的强耦合自由度。这些系统的性质由大的量子力学涨落控制。量子场论的思想，概念和方法将用于在广泛的领域进行理论研究，包括：强关联费米子系统，高温超导体和量子霍尔系统中的电子液晶相;量子霍尔拓扑纠缠及其在量子计算中的应用;分数量子霍尔效应和非对易几何;以及广义相对论的凝聚态类似物，包括超级液体中霍金辐射的类似物。该奖项支持低维系统中电子的理论研究和教育。研究将集中在过去几年中发现的新物理现象，如具有分数电荷和分数统计的粒子，拓扑量子计算，电子液体中的液晶相，以及可能存在的具有电子分馏的物质相。发生这种现象的物理系统是大磁场中的二维电子气体，强关联系统，如高温超导体，以及最近发现的超冷稀释气体。 凝聚态理论的先进方法，如量子场论，将用于解决这些低维系统的凝聚态物理中出现的具有智力挑战性的基本问题。 这项工作可能有助于未来电子设备技术的知识基础。

This award supports research and education on electrons in low-dimensional condensed matter systems with a large number of strongly coupled degrees of freedom. The properties of these systems are dominated by large quantum mechanical fluctuations. The ideas, concepts, and methods of quantum field theory will be used to carry out theoretical research in a wide range of areas including: electronic liquid crystal phases in strongly correlated fermionic systems, high temperature superconductors, and quantum Hall systems; quantum Hall topological entanglement and its applications to quantum computation; fractional quantum Hall effects and non-commutative geometry; and condensed matter analogs of general relativity, including analogs of the Hawking radiation in super liquids. This award supports theoretical research and education on electrons in low-dimensional systems. Research will focus on new physical phenomena that have been uncovered in the past few years, such as particles with fractional charge and fractional statistics, topological quantum computing, liquid crystal phases in electron liquids, and the possible existence of phases of matter with electron fractionalization. The physical systems where such phenomena take place are two-dimensional electron gases in large magnetic fields, strongly correlated systems such as high temperature superconductors, and the recently discovered ultracold dilute gases. Advanced methods of condensed matter theory, such as quantum field theory, will be used to address the intellectually challenging fundamental problems that arise in the condensed matter physics of these low-dimensional systems. This work may contribute to the intellectual foundation of future electronic device technologies.