Investigations of Upper Atmospheric Properties on Venus - Global Structure and Comparative Planetology

关于行星大气物理过程的知识对于它们的全球理解和发展环流模式（GCM）以及长期气候预测的基础是必不可少的。迄今为止，类地行星的大气层还没有被完全了解。特别是金星的大气层，在最近由金星快车号宇宙飞船和先进的地面测量所获得的重要而有时相互矛盾的结果发表后，又重新成为研究的焦点。该提案的科学目标是研究金星上层大气动力学和温度的时间和局部结构，重点关注三个主要活动：(1)利用红外接收机THIS和亚毫米望远镜Nanten2测量多普勒风速和温度。这些观测将针对地球上不同地点和不同时间尺度进行，并将与其他小组使用不同技术进行的风和温度观测进行协调。(2)重新分析各种技术检索到的现有地面数据，并努力协调数据分析，使结果具有可比性。尽管天基数据不是我们的主要视角数据，但如果有的话，将包括VEX的数据。(3)利用这一全面而独特的数据集得出金星高层大气动力学和温度的全球行为的科学结论，这将与全球环流模式的开发人员协调进行，并为未来必要的调查制定路线图。合并来自各种地面技术的风速信息是一种成本效益高的方法，可以显著提高未来和现有数据的科学价值。

Knowledge about physical processes in planetary atmospheres is essential for their global understanding and the base for development of general circulation models (GCM) as well as for longterm climate predictions. To date, the atmospheres of the terrestrial planets are not yet fully understood. Especially the atmosphere of Venus returned into focus of investigations after publication of significant and sometimes contradictory results obtained recently by the spacecraft Venus Express and advanced ground-based measurements. The scientific goal of this proposal is to study the temporal and local structure of the dynamics and temperatures in the upper atmosphere of Venus focusing on three main activities: (1) Measurements of Doppler-wind velocities and temperatures with the infrared receiver THIS and the sub-millimeter telescope Nanten2 The observations will address various locations on the planet and different time scales and will be coordinated with wind and temperatures observations from other groups using different techniques. (2) Re-analyzing existing ground-based data retrieved by various techniques and working on a harmonization of the data analysis to make the results comparable Though space-based data are not our main perspective data from VEX will be included if available. (3) Drawing scientific conclusions with this comprehensive and unique dataset for the global behavior of the dynamics and temperature in Venus upper atmosphere This will be done in coordination with developers of global circulation models as well as working out a road map for necessary future investigations. Merging information on wind velocities from various ground-based techniques is a cost-efficient approach to significantly increase the scientific value of future and already existing data.