CAREER: Single-Electron Transistors as a Laboratory for Strongly-Correlated Electron Physics

职业：单电子晶体管作为强相关电子物理实验室

• 批准号: 0349354
• 负责人: David Goldhaber-Gordon
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-03-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0349354&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Single; Electron; Transistors; Laboratory

An outstanding challenge in correlated electron systems is to build an experimental realization of an arbitrary interesting Hamiltonian. Materials physicists traditionally tailor complex materials to achieve desired electronic properties. The present project's approach is complementary: instead of developing new and exotic materials, work with materials whose properties are simple and well-established, such as 2-dimensional electron gases in GaAs-based semiconductor heterostructures. Then use nanolithographyto carve them into arbitrary structures of coupled electron droplets, designed to match a Hamiltonian of interest. Finally, voltages on local gate electrodes can be used to tune every important parameter. This project will engineer nanostructures to display novel many-body ground states, notably a two-channel Kondo system built from a pair of coupled electron droplets. Undergraduates will be substantively involved in every stage of this research, preparing them for graduate school or a broad range of industrial jobs. In addition, a new course will be created to educate students about the physics of electrons at the nanoscale.%%%Materials physicists often design complex materials to achieve desired electronic properties. The present project's goal is similar, but its approach is complementary: instead of developing new and exotic materials,work with materials whose properties are simple and well-established. Then use tools borrowed from the semiconductor industry to carve these simple materials into complex patterns which can confine electrons. Multiple ultrafine metal wires (twenty nanometers in diameter, or thousands of times narrower than a human hair) can then be used to shift the confined electrons around and hence to tune the electrical behavior of the system. Despite the simple starting materials, the novel geometries will result in never-before-seen electronic properties. Undergraduates will be substantively involved in every stage of this research, preparing them for graduate school or a broad range of industrial jobs. In addition, a new course will be created to educate students about the physics of electrons at the nanoscale.

关联电子系统的一个突出挑战是建立一个实验实现的任意有趣的哈密顿量。传统上，材料物理学家会定制复杂的材料以获得所需的电子特性。本项目的方法是互补的：而不是开发新的和异国情调的材料，与材料的性质是简单的和完善的工作，如二维电子气在GaAs基半导体异质结构。然后使用纳米光刻技术将它们雕刻成任意结构的耦合电子滴，设计成与感兴趣的哈密顿量相匹配。最后，局部栅电极上的电压可用于调整每个重要参数。该项目将设计纳米结构以显示新颖的多体基态，特别是由一对耦合电子滴构建的双通道Kondo系统。本科生将实质性地参与这项研究的每一个阶段，为研究生院或广泛的工业工作做好准备。此外，还将开设一门新课程，向学生介绍纳米级电子物理学。%材料物理学家经常设计复杂的材料来实现所需的电子特性。本项目的目标是相似的，但其方法是互补的：而不是开发新的和外来的材料，使用其属性是简单和完善的材料。然后使用从半导体工业借来的工具，将这些简单的材料雕刻成可以限制电子的复杂图案。然后，可以使用多根超细金属线（直径为20纳米，或比人的头发窄数千倍）来移动受限电子，从而调整系统的电气行为。尽管起始材料简单，但新的几何形状将导致前所未有的电子特性。本科生将实质性地参与这项研究的每一个阶段，为研究生院或广泛的工业工作做好准备。此外，还将开设一门新课程，向学生介绍纳米级电子物理学。