Self-Sensing Magnetic Bearings: Development of Virtual Probes

自感应磁力轴承：虚拟探头的开发

• 批准号: 0422892
• 负责人: Eric Maslen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-10-01 至 2008-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0422892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Self; Sensing; Magnetic; Bearings; Development

The objective of this research is to develop and demonstrate a commercially viable technique for self-sensing in active magnetic bearings by realizing a virtual position probe using measured amplifier voltage and current. Two potential approaches will be pursued. The first treats the system comprised of amplifier, magnetic actuator, and rotor journal as a linear plant parameterized by rotor position: a parameter observer takes advantage of persistency of excitation provided by switching amplifiers to determine this parameter (rotor position). The second approach exploits a linear periodic model of the full rotor in combination with the actuator and constructs a state observer for this system. Virtual probes (observers) based on both approaches will be implemented either in hardwired electronic form or, ideally, as a digital field programmable gate array. In either case, the performance of the resulting estimation (virtual probe) hardware will be examined using an existing magnetic bearing supported rotor and compared to conventional eddy current type proximitors.The principal benefit of this research is to reduce the complexity of hardware in active magnetic bearings. By removing components from the harsh environment to which the bearings are exposed, the cost and reliability of these devices can be improved substantially. This greatly enhances the application of magnetic bearings to a number of important technologies ranging from micro gas turbines for distributed electric power generation to implantable artificial hearts for treatment of congestive heart failure and other similar cardiac ailments. Hardware complexity and reliability is a major obstacle to large-scale commercial use of magnetic bearings in these and many other applications: self-sensing is a pivotal step in reducing these problems. A tantalizing long term benefit and central goal of continuation of this research is development of truly "off-the-shelf" magnetic bearings which can be marketed in the same manner as conventional fluid film or rolling element bearings. By eliminating the position sensor, a significant hurdle is removed in approaching a critical "passivity" property which ensures that the bearing will stably support any stable rotor. This would mean that active magnetic bearings could be sold without tailoring them to each specific application, avoiding very costly engineering effort and stimulating the economies of scale critical to unlocking the nascent commercial potential of active magnetic bearing technology.

本研究的目的是开发和展示一种商业上可行的技术，通过实现一个虚拟的位置探头使用测量放大器的电压和电流的主动磁轴承的自检测。 将采取两种可能的办法。 第一种方法将由放大器、磁致动器和转子轴颈组成的系统视为由转子位置参数化的线性系统：参数观测器利用开关放大器提供的激励的持续性来确定该参数（转子位置）。 第二种方法利用线性周期模型的全转子与致动器相结合，并构造一个状态观测器，该系统。 基于这两种方法的虚拟探头（观察员）将以硬连线电子形式实现，或者理想地，作为数字现场可编程门阵列。 在任何一种情况下，所得到的估计（虚拟探头）硬件的性能将使用现有的磁轴承支持的转子进行检查，并与传统的涡流型proximitors.The主要的好处，这项研究是减少在主动磁轴承的硬件的复杂性。 通过从轴承所暴露的恶劣环境中移除部件，这些装置的成本和可靠性可以显著提高。这极大地增强了磁轴承在许多重要技术中的应用，从用于分布式发电的微型燃气轮机到用于治疗充血性心力衰竭和其他类似心脏疾病的植入式人工心脏。硬件的复杂性和可靠性是磁轴承在这些和许多其他应用中大规模商业使用的主要障碍：自感知是减少这些问题的关键步骤。 继续这项研究的一个诱人的长期利益和中心目标是开发真正的“现成的”磁轴承，它可以以与传统的流体膜或滚动元件轴承相同的方式销售。 通过消除位置传感器，在接近关键的“被动性”属性，确保轴承将稳定地支持任何稳定的转子的一个重大障碍被删除。 这意味着主动磁轴承可以在不针对每个特定应用进行定制的情况下销售，避免了非常昂贵的工程工作，并刺激了对释放主动磁轴承技术的新生商业潜力至关重要的规模经济。