Dissertation Research: Of Birds and Bees: Karl von Frisch, Konrad Lorenz and the Science of Animals

论文研究：鸟类和蜜蜂：卡尔·冯·弗里施、康拉德·洛伦茨和动物科学

• 批准号: 0432113
• 负责人: Angela Creager
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0432113&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Birds; Bees; Karl

This Science and Technology Studies Dissertation Improvement Grant treats the history of animal behavior studies. In particular, the project examines how scientists viewed animals in German-speaking Europe from the 1920s to 1970s by focusing on two of the period's most important voices on the subject. Nobel Laureates Karl von Frisch and Konrad Lorenz. Von Frisch attained international acclaim for his discovery of the honeybee dances as a means to communicate the direction and distance of food sources to hive mates, while Lorenz was one of the founders of ethology . the European approach that sought evolutionary explanations of instinctive behavior. The student has completed most of her archival work on von Frisch and is currently researching Lorenz holdings in Berlin. With funds from this grant, she will travel to Gottingen to conduct research on the production and distribution of their many films. She will also return to Europe in the fall (2004) to complete the remainder of her research on von Frisch and Lorenz in Munich and Vienna, respectively. The project will examine how these two researchers navigated the animal-human boundary and how they handled problems of anthropomorphism in their science as well as their popular works. Much was at stake, for questions about animals cut to the core of what it meant to be human . an issue that became especially pressing in the period surrounding World War Two. Thus, the project seeks to answer the following two questions: How were animals viewed scientifically? And how did scientists teach the public to view animals? Because the dissertation's arc is largely chronological, the project will also address how these views changed over the roughly fifty-year period in question. While the disciplinary history of ethology has been well documented, no in-depth examination of von Frisch's work or of Lorenz's popular writings and its relation to his scientific work exists. The study will also contribute to the history of twentieth-century biology, which has tended to emphasize the development of genetics and molecular biology at the expensive of other approaches, such as animal behavior studies. By addressing both scientific and popular works, her project pays particular attention to the relationship between science and society as seen through the lens of animal behavior studies. In addition to published popular and scientific writings, the project draws on von Frisch's and Lorenz's correspondence, diaries, laboratory notebooks, lecture notes, and film.

这个科学和技术研究论文改进补助金对待动物行为研究的历史。 特别是，该项目研究了科学家如何看待20世纪20年代至70年代的德语欧洲动物，重点关注这一时期最重要的两个声音。诺贝尔奖获得者Karl von Frisch和Konrad Lorenz。冯·弗里施因发现蜜蜂舞蹈作为向蜂巢配偶传达食物来源的方向和距离的手段而获得国际赞誉，而洛伦兹是行为学的创始人之一。寻求本能行为进化解释的欧洲方法。这位学生已经完成了她对冯·弗里施的大部分档案工作，目前正在柏林研究洛伦茨的藏品。有了这笔赠款，她将前往哥廷根进行研究的生产和发行他们的许多电影。她还将在秋季（2004年）返回欧洲，分别在慕尼黑和维也纳完成对冯·弗里施和洛伦茨的研究。 该项目将研究这两位研究人员如何驾驭动物-人类的边界，以及他们如何处理他们的科学以及他们的流行作品中的拟人化问题。这关系到很多事情，因为关于动物的问题切中了人类的核心。这个问题在二战前后变得尤为紧迫。因此，该项目试图回答以下两个问题：如何科学地看待动物？科学家是如何教公众如何看待动物的？由于论文的弧线主要是按时间顺序排列的，该项目还将讨论这些观点在大约50年的时间内是如何变化的。 虽然动物行为学的学科历史已经有了很好的记录，但没有深入研究冯·弗里施的工作或洛伦兹的通俗著作及其与他的科学工作的关系。这项研究也将有助于20世纪生物学的历史，这往往强调遗传学和分子生物学的发展，而牺牲了其他方法，如动物行为研究。通过解决科学和流行的作品，她的项目特别关注科学与社会之间的关系，通过动物行为研究的透镜。除了已出版的流行和科学著作外，该项目还借鉴了冯·弗里施和洛伦兹的信件、日记、实验室笔记、课堂笔记和电影。