CAREER: Biomimetic Engineering of Responsive Biomaterials

职业：响应性生物材料的仿生工程

• 批准号: 0547613
• 负责人: Chun Wang
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0547613&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Biomimetic; Engineering; Responsive; Biomaterials

Chun0547613One of the most powerful and the fastest motions in the biological world can be found in a single-cell ciliated protozoan, Vorticella convallaria. At one stage of its life cycle, the Vorticella consists of a cell body of approximately 50 m'm in size and a stalk of 2~3 mm long, 4 m'm wide. The Vorticella stalk is capable of contracting at a speed almost 1000 times its body size per second. The Vorticella stalk contraction is observed to be 500 times the average power of human skeletal muscle. The contractile organelle within the Vorticella stalk is a membrane-surrounded protein-based fiber structure called 'spasmoneme'.The biological responsive materials are more efficient and effective than any synthetic materials ever made. The Vorticella spasmoneme represents an excellent example of a highly efficient responsive biomaterial. The spasmoneme functions on simple physical chemical terms of binding to calcium ion concentration. The triggered contraction is very fast and fully reversible upon removal of calcium. The research goal of the project is to biomimetically design polymer-based biomaterials that are responsive to biological signals such as changes in calcium ion concentration by studying the spasmin protein for the design of calcium sensitive biomaterials. The research would have great societal impact in biomemetic engineering and biomaterial science. The educational component of the project will serve students at different levels. The outreach will include underrepresented undergraduate students and K-12 students. The outreach activities will be a workshop on biomimetically responsive materials for the undergraduate students at Howard University and also illustrative museum experiments of biomimetic biomaterials for the Science Museum of Minnesota.

生物界中最强大和最快的运动之一可以在单细胞纤毛原生动物中找到，Vorticella convallaria。在生活史的某个阶段，涡藻的细胞体约50 m，柄长2~3 mm，宽4 m。Vorticella茎能够以每秒近1000倍于其身体大小的速度收缩。观察到的涡状肌柄收缩是人类骨骼肌平均功率的500倍。Vorticella柄内的收缩细胞器是一种被膜包围的蛋白质纤维结构，称为“痉挛素”。生物反应材料比以往任何合成材料都更有效。Vorticella spasmoneme代表了高效响应生物材料的一个很好的例子。痉挛素的功能是通过与钙离子浓度结合的简单物理化学条件来实现的。触发的收缩非常快，并且在去除钙后完全可逆。 该项目的研究目标是通过研究用于钙敏感生物材料设计的spasmin蛋白，仿生设计对钙离子浓度变化等生物信号有响应的聚合物基生物材料。 该研究将在生物工程和生物材料科学领域产生巨大的社会影响。该项目的教育部分将为不同层次的学生提供服务。 外联将包括代表性不足的本科生和K-12学生。推广活动将是为霍华德大学的本科生举办的仿生反应材料讲习班，以及为明尼苏达州科学博物馆举办的仿生生物材料说明性博物馆实验。