ADVANCE CHALLENGE: TOPS--Target of Opportunity Strategies - Increasing the Participation and Advancement of Women in Academic Engineering

杜克大学普拉特工程学院（普拉特）提出了一个有效的计划，以增加多样性，包括性别多样性-在工程学院。普拉特在聘请优秀的女教师在工程的成功是通过保留一到两个教师线每年在学校一级的部门和战略举措的领导人通过招聘机会的目标竞争完成。TOPS不仅仅是一种招聘策略。这是一个有效的和可持续的方法来吸引代表性不足的教师到工程学院。它包括开发一个纵向数据库的优秀代表性不足的学生在他们的研究生学习的各个阶段（重点是少数民族妇女），跟踪他们的进步，随着时间的推移与这些学生有一致的互动，鼓励他们追求学术生涯，使家访到各自的机构，邀请他们到杜克访问，并最终招募他们进入学院。TOPS旨在克服一个关键的进入壁垒-包容因素。为了帮助改造工程学科，TOPS的方法和结果通过TOPS网站，指导诊所和研究出版物传播到工程和科学界。TOPS计划与补充计划合作。普拉特计划招募教师谁是应用他们的才华，在一定程度上，以提高生活质量，生活没有痛苦，没有恐惧，并与环境和谐。智力优点：通过TOPS计划，重要的社会研究提出了关于临界质量与象征主义的数据;比较研究的学生和教师在普拉特的经验，以比较组的等价物在科学部门;并评估工程学是一个男性领域而不是一个以人为本的学科的看法。TOPS致力于对所提出的方法、技术和影响进行严格的评估和研究。更广泛的影响：通过TOPS，普拉特开发了招聘、留住和提升工程和科学领域代表性不足的教师（尤其是女性）的最佳实践。这些最佳实践的传播预计将通过提高国家解决问题和创造更美好世界的能力，对工程和科学学科以及国家产生积极影响。

The Pratt School of Engineering (Pratt) at Duke University proposes an effective program to increase the diversity, including gender diversity - in the engineering academy. Pratt's success in hiring outstanding women faculty in engineering was accomplished by reserving one to two faculty lines each year at the School level for departments and strategic initiative leaders to compete for by recruiting targets of opportunity. TOPS is more than a recruiting strategy. It is an effective and sustainable methodology for attracting underrepresented faculty to the engineering academy. It consists of developing a longitudinal database of outstanding under-represented students at various stages of their graduate studies (with a focus on minority women), tracking their progress, having consistent interactions with these students over time, encouraging them to pursue an academic career, making home visits to their respective institutions, inviting them to Duke for visits, and ultimately recruiting them into the academy. TOPS aims to overcome a key entry barrier--the inclusion factor. To help transform the engineering discipline, the TOPS methods and results are disseminated to the engineering and science communities through the TOPS web site, coaching clinics, and research publications. The TOPS program collaborates with complementary programs. Pratt plans to recruit faculty who are applying their talents, in part, to improve the quality of life, life without pain, without fear, and in harmony with the environment.Intellectual Merits: Through the TOPS program, important social research presents data regarding critical mass versus tokenism; comparative studies on the experiences of students and faculty within Pratt to a comparison group of equivalents in science departments; and evaluate the perception that engineering is a masculine field and is not a people-oriented discipline. TOPS is committed to a rigorous assessment and study of the proposed methods, techniques, and impacts.Broader Impacts: Through TOPS, Pratt develops Best Practices for recruiting, retaining, andadvancing under-represented, particularly female, faculty in engineering and science. The dissemination of these Best Practices are expected to positively impact engineering and science disciplines, and the nation by enhancing the country's ability to solve problems and create a better world.