SGER: Bioaerosol Exposure Hazard Assessment to Emergency Response and Reclamation Personnel

SGER：对应急响应和回收人员的生物气溶胶暴露危害评估

• 批准号: 0553213
• 负责人: Mark Hernandez
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-10-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0553213&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Bioaerosol; Exposure; Hazard; Assessment

0553213 Hernandez Late breaking research has confirmed that waterborne microorganisms can be aerosolized from recreational water facilities, such as hot tubs and therapy pools even when such waters are relatively quiescent. The partitioning of microorganisms from water to air is enhanced by common appurtenances, which are designed to entrain small air bubbles in high velocity water streams, and from systems, which rapidly propel water through air for emergency response and civil engineering applications: fire-fighting, cooling, aeration, dust abatement, and the bulk movement of water over containment barriers. Hurricane Katrina has, and will continue to require, the propulsion of large quantities of flood-impacted waters through air for these purposes. Given that these flood waters contain waterborne pathogens, and that microorganisms will certainly be aerosolized from the flood waters during emergency response and subsequent clean-up operations, a unique airborne health risk likely exists in this area. While this inhalation based exposure risk is of a different nature than that associated with 9/11 (biological rather than inorganic) much like central Manhattan, the onset and magnitude of this event has likely contributed to seriously deteriorating the air quality over a wide area of an environmental complication which has largely been ignored because of immediate survival priorities. Like the area near ground zero on and after 9/11, poor air quality may induce both acute and chronic health effects. Unlike Manhattan however, the bioaerosol exposure risk in the New Orleans flood zone may in fact increase over time, and pose a significant health threat to firefighting, engineering and other reclamation personnel, particularly near appurtenances that purposely introduce flood water streams into air. In response to this condition, the purpose of this study will be to monitor the identity, distribution and abundance of microorganisms in aerosols created near such appurtenances, and compare their ecology to that in the immediate source water using widely accepted microscopic and genetic methods. Special attention will be paid to identifying and quantifying potential pathogens in these aerosols.

0553213 Hernandez 最新研究证实，即使水源相对静止，水生微生物也可以从娱乐用水设施（例如热水浴缸和理疗池）中雾化。常见的附件（设计用于在高速水流中夹带小气泡）和系统可以增强微生物从水到空气的分隔，这些附件可以将水快速推动到空气中，用于应急响应和土木工程应用：消防、冷却、通风、除尘以及水在安全壳屏障上的大量运动。为了这些目的，卡特里娜飓风已经并将继续需要通过空气推动大量受洪水影响的水域。鉴于这些洪水含有水生病原体，并且在应急响应和随后的清理行动中微生物肯定会从洪水中雾化，该地区可能存在独特的空气传播健康风险。虽然这种基于吸入的暴露风险与 9/11 相关的风险（生物而非无机）具有不同的性质，就像曼哈顿市中心一样，但这一事件的发生和严重程度可能导致大范围环境并发症的空气质量严重恶化，而这种环境并发症在很大程度上被忽视，因为眼前的生存优先事项。就像 9/11 事件及其之后接近零地的区域一样，不良的空气质量可能会导致急性和慢性的健康影响。然而，与曼哈顿不同的是，新奥尔良洪水区的生物气溶胶暴露风险实际上可能会随着时间的推移而增加，并对消防、工程和其他填海人员构成重大健康威胁，特别是在故意将洪水流引入空气的附属设施附近。针对这种情况，本研究的目的将是监测此类附属物附近产生的气溶胶中微生物的身份、分布和丰度，并使用广泛接受的微观和遗传学方法将其生态与直接源水中的生态进行比较。 将特别关注识别和量化这些气溶胶中的潜在病原体。