Scientific Program Overview (SPO): HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations of Atmospheric Tracers (HIPPO)

该奖项将使拟议的HIAPER极对极观测（HIPPO）计划的准备工作。HIPPO将提供第一次全球尺度（“极点到极点”）的大气示踪剂年周期调查，提供从地面到对流层顶的横截面。计划在NSF/NCAR G-V飞机（HIAPER）上安装仪器，以测量一整套示踪剂，包括二氧化碳（CO2）、氧/氮比（O2：N2）、二氧化碳同位素（13 CO2：12 CO2）、甲烷（CH 4）、一氧化碳（CO）、一氧化二氮（N2 O）、分子氢（H2）、六氟化硫（SF6）、硫化羰（COS）、氯氟烃（CFC）、氢氟烃（HCFC）和选定的碳氢化合物。HIPPO将横穿中太平洋，然后返回北美和南美。HIPPO的科学问题主要集中在理解全球碳循环，确定对流层和热带对流层顶层中示踪剂输送的大规模速率，以及理解全球示踪剂源和汇。HIPPO的目的是为一系列大气示踪剂提供公开可用的全球数据集。计划将这些数据与用于评估CO2源和汇的全球分布的模型的结果进行比较。将聘用更多的建模人员，以鼓励创造性和有效地应用这些数据。

This award will enable preparation for the proposed HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) program. HIPPO will provide the first global-scale ("pole-to-pole") survey of atmospheric tracers through the annual cycle, providing cross sections from the surface to the tropopause. It is planned to install instruments on the NSF/NCAR G-V aircraft (HIAPER) to measure a comprehensive suite of tracers, including carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen/nitrogen ratio (O2:N2), carbon dioxide isotopomers (13CO2:12CO2), methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxide (N2O), molecular hydrogen (H2), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), carbonyl sulfide (COS), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and selected hydrocarbons. HIPPO will transect the mid-Pacific ocean and return over North and South America. The scientific questions motivating HIPPO focus on understanding the global carbon cycle, on defining large-scale rates of tracer transport in the troposphere and in the tropical tropopause layer, and on understanding tracer sources and sinks globally. HIPPO is intended to provide publicly available global data sets for a large suite of atmospheric tracers. It is planned to compare these data to the output of models used to assess the global distribution of sources and sinks of CO2. Additional modelers will be engaged to stimulate creative and effective application of these data.