New Trends in Gender and Mathematics Performance: Meta-Analytic Synthesis

建议的综合项目将通过元分析的方式，检验关于数学成绩性别差异的研究证据。儿童和家长以及数学和科学教师普遍认为女孩和妇女缺乏数学能力。这项研究的目标如下：首先，PI将对数学成绩的性别差异研究进行全面的元分析，以表明是否存在差距，以及是否存在特定领域的男女差异。其次，PI将进行调节分析，以确定数学成绩的性别差异在年龄、考试认知水平和种族等维度上的差异。第三，PI将确定与女性相比，男性在他们的分数上是否表现出更大的差异。第四，PI将审查大型国家数据集，如NLSY和NAEP，以分析现有数据的性别差异的数学成绩。第五，PI将使用大型跨国数据集，包括TIMSS、PISA和IAEP，以检查性别差异的国际模式，并确定各国的性别平等指数与性别差异的程度之间是否存在相关性。

The proposed synthesis project will examine, by means of meta-analysis, the research evidence on gender differences in mathematics performance. The stereotype that girls and women lack mathematical ability is held by children and parents, as well as by mathematics and science teachers. The goals of the research are as follows: First, the PI will conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of research on gender differences in mathematics performance to indicate whether a gap exists and whether there are specific areas in which males and females differ. Second, the PI will conduct moderator analyses to ascertain variations in the magnitude of gender differences in mathematics performance along dimensions such as age and cognitive level of the test as well as ethnicity. Third, the PI will ascertain whether males show larger variability in their scores, compared with females. Fourth, the PI will examine large national data sets such as the NLSY and NAEP to analyze the available data for gender differences in mathematics performance. Fifth, the PI will use large cross-national data sets, including TIMSS, PISA, and IAEP, to examine international patterns of gender differences and also determine whether correlations exist between countries' gender equality index and the magnitude of the gender difference.