New Trends in Gender and Mathematics Performance: Meta-Analytic Synthesis

拟议的综合项目将通过元分析审查关于数学成绩性别差异的研究证据。儿童和家长以及数学和科学教师都认为女孩和妇女缺乏数学能力。研究的目标如下：首先，PI将对数学成绩的性别差异研究进行全面的元分析，以表明是否存在差距，以及是否存在男性和女性不同的具体领域。其次，PI将进行调节分析，以确定数学成绩沿着维度（如年龄和测试认知水平以及种族）的性别差异幅度变化。第三，PI将确定与女性相比，男性的得分是否表现出更大的变异性。第四，PI将检查大型国家数据集，如NLSY和NAEP，以分析数学成绩性别差异的可用数据。第五，PI将使用大型跨国数据集，包括TIMSS、比萨和IAEP，以研究性别差异的国际模式，并确定各国的性别平等指数与性别差异幅度之间是否存在相关性。

The proposed synthesis project will examine, by means of meta-analysis, the research evidence on gender differences in mathematics performance. The stereotype that girls and women lack mathematical ability is held by children and parents, as well as by mathematics and science teachers. The goals of the research are as follows: First, the PI will conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of research on gender differences in mathematics performance to indicate whether a gap exists and whether there are specific areas in which males and females differ. Second, the PI will conduct moderator analyses to ascertain variations in the magnitude of gender differences in mathematics performance along dimensions such as age and cognitive level of the test as well as ethnicity. Third, the PI will ascertain whether males show larger variability in their scores, compared with females. Fourth, the PI will examine large national data sets such as the NLSY and NAEP to analyze the available data for gender differences in mathematics performance. Fifth, the PI will use large cross-national data sets, including TIMSS, PISA, and IAEP, to examine international patterns of gender differences and also determine whether correlations exist between countries' gender equality index and the magnitude of the gender difference.