New Trends in Gender and Mathematics Performance: Meta-Analytic Synthesis

本综合计划将以元分析的方式检视数学成绩性别差异的研究证据。儿童和父母以及数学和科学教师都持有女孩和妇女缺乏数学能力的刻板印象。研究目标如下：首先，PI将对数学成绩性别差异的研究进行全面的meta分析，以表明是否存在差距，以及是否存在男女差异的具体领域。其次，PI将进行调节分析，以确定性别差异在数学表现方面的变化幅度，如年龄、测试的认知水平以及种族。第三，PI将确定男性在得分上是否比女性表现出更大的差异。第四，PI将检查大型国家数据集，如NLSY和NAEP，以分析数学表现性别差异的可用数据。第五，PI将使用大型跨国数据集，包括TIMSS、PISA和IAEP，来检查性别差异的国际模式，并确定各国的性别平等指数与性别差异的大小之间是否存在相关性。

The proposed synthesis project will examine, by means of meta-analysis, the research evidence on gender differences in mathematics performance. The stereotype that girls and women lack mathematical ability is held by children and parents, as well as by mathematics and science teachers. The goals of the research are as follows: First, the PI will conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of research on gender differences in mathematics performance to indicate whether a gap exists and whether there are specific areas in which males and females differ. Second, the PI will conduct moderator analyses to ascertain variations in the magnitude of gender differences in mathematics performance along dimensions such as age and cognitive level of the test as well as ethnicity. Third, the PI will ascertain whether males show larger variability in their scores, compared with females. Fourth, the PI will examine large national data sets such as the NLSY and NAEP to analyze the available data for gender differences in mathematics performance. Fifth, the PI will use large cross-national data sets, including TIMSS, PISA, and IAEP, to examine international patterns of gender differences and also determine whether correlations exist between countries' gender equality index and the magnitude of the gender difference.