Materials World Network - Collaborative Research: Decoherence, Correlations and Spin Effects in Nanostructured Materials

该材料世界网络/美洲材料合作奖支持美国，巴西和智利参与者之间的联合研究和教育计划，以探索纳米级或降维材料中电子相关性的影响：表面上的磁性吸附原子和分子，碳纳米管和石墨烯，以及半导体和其他材料中的量子点。通过制造方法和局部测量技术的进步，实验在纳米尺度上探测相关性的能力越来越强，这引起了许多关于长期以来被认为是在整体或整体中理解的系统的新问题。自旋之间的相关性，有序和屏蔽磁性杂质之间的竞争，不同制度之间可能的量子相变，以及退相干的影响，现在都可以在实验中探索。该研究旨在解决这些问题，这些问题对基本物理学的理解以及从纳米磁学和信息存储到新的碳基电子设备的主机等领域的可能技术用途具有内在的重要性，甚至通过控制电子系统中的自旋自由度来进行量子信息处理。理论研究在美国的俄亥俄州大学、佛罗里达大学和奥克兰大学进行，在巴西的里约热内卢天主教大学和弗鲁米嫩塞联邦大学进行，在美国的俄亥俄大学和弗鲁米嫩塞联邦大学进行。在智利的北天主教大学、费德里科技术大学圣玛利亚、智利天主教大学和安托法加斯塔大学。这些机构的小组联合收割机将他们互补的专业知识与不同的理论技术相结合，包括数值重整化群和嵌入式集群近似，这些理论技术在处理非平凡相关问题时被证明是可靠的。与实验组的密切沟通，无论是内部的合作（在联邦大学德米纳斯吉拉斯，巴西）和外部保持与感兴趣的真实的系统的连接。该项目非常重视培训美国和拉丁美洲的年轻科学家，让他们在高度合作的国际环境中参与当前的研究。学生和博士后研究员学习现代技术，这些技术将为他们提供在科学领域取得成功的工具，并提供使他们在工业中具有高度就业能力的技能。初级研究人员与领先的专家一起参加两个小型研讨会，一个在巴西举行，另一个在美国举行。此外，还通过一个网站，提供有关现代纳米科学发展的文章，一个学校访问计划，以及展示研究成果的教育视频和有吸引力的图像，协调一致和精心策划的努力，以接触K-12级别的更广泛受众。该奖项与国际科学和工程办公室共同资助。

This Materials World Network/Inter-American Materials Collaboration award supports a joint research and education program between participants in the US, Brazil, and Chile to explore effects of electron correlations in nanoscale or reduced-dimensionality materials: magnetic adatoms and molecules on surfaces, carbon nanotubes and graphene, and quantum dots in semiconductors and other materials. The increasing ability of experiments to probe correlations at the nanometer scale via advances in fabrication methods and local measurement techniques has given rise to a host of new questions about systems long considered understood in the bulk or in ensembles. Correlations between spins, competition between ordering and screening of magnetic impurities, possible quantum phase transitions between different regimes, and effects of decoherence, are all now explorable in experiments. The research is directed to address these issues, which are intrinsically important to basic physics understanding, as well as to possible technological uses in areas ranging from nanomagnetism and information storage to a host of new carbon-based electronic devices, and even quantum information processing by control of the spin degrees of freedom in electronic systems. The goal is to provide physical insights into correlated electron behaviors and to guide experiments to measure novel properties.Theoretical research is conducted in the US at Ohio University, the University of Florida, and Oakland University; in Brazil at the Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro and the Universidade Federal Fluminense; and in Chile at the Universidad Catolica del Norte, the Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria, the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, and the Universidad de Antofagasta. Groups at these institutions combine their complementary expertise with different theoretical techniques, including the numerical renormalization group and the embedded cluster approximation, that are proven and reliable in treating nontrivial correlated problems. Close communication with experimental groups both inside the collaboration (at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil) and outside maintain connections with real systems of interest. The project places significant emphasis on training young scientists in the US and Latin America, by engaging them in current research in a highly collaborative and international environment. Students and a postdoctoral fellow learn modern techniques that will provide them with tools for successful careers in science and with skills that will make them highly employable in industry. Junior researchers are brought together with leading experts at two mini-workshops, one held in Brazil, the other in the US. There are also concerted and well-planned efforts to reach a broader audience at the K-12 levels, through a web site with accessible articles on modern nanoscience developments, a program of school visits, and educational videos and attractive images showing research results.This award is co-funded with the Office of International Science and Engineering.