MRI: Development of a Silicon Detector for Synchrotron Based X-Ray Spectroscopy, X-Ray Holography and Materials Education

技术摘要同步加速器光谱学已经发展成为一种强有力的方法来探测材料中的原子和电子性质，从相关的电子系统到催化剂，再到蛋白质分子中的活性金属位置。在许多X射线实验中，现有的探测器系统在保持足够的能量分辨率的同时，无法应对同步加速器源产生的高通量X射线光子。为了解决这个问题和其他问题，我们建议开发一种新的探测器系统，它的计数速度将比现有的商业系统至少提高50倍，同时保持抑制有害背景辐射所需的高分辨率。这将通过增加有源元件密度(约400个元件)、使用硅漂移检测器技术和新的极低噪声前端专用集成电路(ASIC)以及应用复杂的信号分析技术来增强对不需要的信号的抑制并提供实时定量元素映射来实现。拟议的项目将利用布鲁克海文国家实验室的国家实验室控制和探测器和仪表司小组在开发单片式X射线探测器阵列和定制集成电路方面的经验，新泽西理工学院和国家实验室在光谱学和仪器开发方面的专门知识，以及田纳西大学开发的X射线全息照相和衍射方法方面的专门知识。在使用该探测器进行的所有级别的建设和研究中，研究生都将参与其中。拟议的仪器将通过在实验室课程中使用的研究生和本科生的教育产生广泛的影响。该仪器将被用作纽瓦克地区高中生过渡金属氧化物制备和表征研讨会的化学分析工具。这将有助于培养科学素养，并直接影响来自代表性不足群体的学生追求科学事业。通用摘要同步光谱学已发展成为探索从金属氧化物到催化剂和延伸到蛋白质分子的各种材料性质的强大方法。在许多X射线实验中，目前可用的探测器系统无法处理最新一代光源产生的信号。我们建议开发一种新的探测器系统，它将在保持高能量分辨率的同时，使信号处理能力至少提高50倍。这将通过增加探测器元件的数量、使用新的探测器技术和应用复杂的信号分析技术来实现。拟议的项目将借鉴布鲁克海文国家实验室在探测器阵列和集成电路方面的经验、新泽西理工学院和国家同步加速器光源在光谱学和仪器开发方面的专门知识，以及田纳西大学开发的X射线全息照相和散射方法方面的专门知识。在使用该探测器进行的所有级别的建设和研究中，研究生都将参与其中。拟议的仪器将通过在实验室课程中使用的研究生和本科生的教育产生广泛的影响。此外，该仪器将被用作纽瓦克地区高中生过渡金属氧化物制备和表征研讨会的化学分析工具。这将有助于培养科学素养，并直接影响来自代表性不足群体的学生追求科学事业。

Technical Abstract Synchrotron spectroscopy has developed into a powerful approach to probe the atomic and electronic properties in materials varying from correlated electron systems to catalysts and extending to active metal sites in protein molecules. In many x-ray experiments, the detector systems currently available can not cope with the high flux of x-ray photons generated by synchrotron sources while still maintaining adequate energy resolution. To address this and other problems, we propose to develop a new detector system which will have at least a fifty-fold increase in counting rate over existing commercial systems while maintaining the high resolution required to suppress unwanted background radiation. This will be accomplished by increasing the active element density (~400 elements), by the use of silicon drift-detector technology and a new very low-noise front-end Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), and by the application of sophisticated signal analysis techniques to enhance the suppression of unwanted signals and to provide real-time quantitative elemental mapping. The proposed project will build on the experience of the Brookhaven National Laboratory's NSLS Controls and Detectors and Instrumentation Division groups in developing monolithic x-ray detector arrays and custom integrated circuits, expertise in spectroscopy and instrument development at the New Jersey Institute of Technology and the NSLS, and expertise in x-ray holography and diffraction methods developed by the University of Tennessee. At all levels of the construction and research conducted with this detector, graduate students will be involved. The proposed instrument will have a broad impact through the education of graduate and undergraduate students based on its use in laboratory courses. The instrument will be utilized as a chemical analysis tool in a transition metal oxide preparation and characterization workshop for Newark area high school students. This will serve to develop scientific literacy and to directly influence students from underrepresented groups to pursue careers in science.General Abstract Synchrotron spectroscopy has developed into a powerful approach to explore the properties of materials varying from metal oxides to catalysts and extending to protein molecules. In many x-ray experiments, the detector systems currently available are not capable of processing the signals generated by the latest generation of light sources. We propose to develop a new detector system which will have at least a fifty-fold increase in signal processing capability while maintaining high energy resolution. This will be accomplished by increasing the number of detector elements, by the use of new detector technology, and by the application of sophisticated signal analysis techniques. The proposed project will build on the experience of the Brookhaven National Laboratory in detector arrays and integrated circuits, expertise in spectroscopy and instrument development at the New Jersey Institute of Technology and the National Synchrotron Light Source, and expertise in x-ray holography and scattering methods developed by the University of Tennessee. At all levels of the construction and research conducted with this detector, graduate students will be involved. The proposed instrument will have a broad impact through the education of graduate and undergraduate students based on its use in laboratory courses. In addition, the instrument will be utilized as a chemical analysis tool in a transition metal oxide preparation and characterization workshop for Newark area high school students. This will serve to develop scientific literacy and to directly influence students from underrepresented groups to pursue careers in science.