Collaborative Research on How Nominators Affect Government Formation
提名人如何影响政府组建的合作研究
基本信息
- 批准号:0749645
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 12.62万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2008
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2008-04-15 至 2011-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
In parliamentary and semi-presidential regimes, prime ministers play a central role in forming and coordinating governments. The rules that structure competition for the premiership are thus of great importance. Although the following characterization does not fit all cases equally well, it is helpful to think of there being three post-electoral stages in the election of a premier: (1) a nomination stage, in which a constitutionally stipulated actor-whom we shall generically call the "nominator"-chooses a government formateur, typically the presumptive prime minister; (2) a negotiation stage, in which the formateur attempts to form a government; and (3) a ratification stage, in which the assembly either explicitly approves the proposed premier and government (via an investiture vote) or implicitly accepts his or her government (via the failure to pass a no-confidence vote). Regarding the second (negotiation) stage, we note two advantages of being appointed as formateur: first, the formateur typically becomes the prime minister; second, the formateur may secure a bonus for his party, in the form of additional cabinet portfolios (cf. Baron and Ferejohn 1989). The importance of becoming formateur, as an intermediate step to becoming premier and/or securing other desirable portfolios, means that the nominator's choice (in the first stage) is important.The "nominator" is usually a monarch or a president. Whatever their formal positions, nominators differ along two key dimensions: (a) how clear their partisan preferences are; and (b) how constrained their choice (of who will be formateur) is by constitutional rules and norms. The PIs intend to collect data on the entire government formation process in all parliamentary and semi-presidential democracies from 1990-present. The data include but are not limited to: (1) the partisan affiliation of the nominator; (2) the constitutional constraints the nominator faces; (3) the political opportunities the nominator faces (largely determined by the fragmentation of the party and alliance system); (4) the first appointed formateur, second, third, and so on; (5) the allocation of cabinet portfolios and other offices (e.g., committee chairs) among the various parties; (6) any public announcements made by parties regarding their coalitional intentions in forming a government. Analysis will then proceed of (1) whether nominators are more likely appoint members of their own party as formateur; (2) whether nominators can secure for their parties a bonus share of cabinet portfolios; (3) when and why formateurs are able to secure a bonus share of cabinet portfolios; and (4) how anticipation of nominator effects influences the formation of pre-election alliances and/or mergers to form larger parties.The intellectual merit of the project lies in its clarification of the bargaining process that structures government formation in parliamentary and semi-presidential regimes, especially highlighting the role of partisan nominators. The broader impact of the project include providing some basis for decisions by political reformers, who in many countries recently have been centrally concerned with re-engineering the government formation process or the party system.
在议会制和半总统制政体中,总理在组建和协调政府方面发挥核心作用。因此,构建英超联赛竞争的规则非常重要。虽然以下描述并不完全适用于所有情况,但认为总理选举有三个选举后阶段是有帮助的:(1)提名阶段,宪法规定的行为者-我们一般称之为“提名者”-选择政府组建者,通常是假定总理;(2)谈判阶段,组建者试图组建政府;(3)批准阶段,议会要么明确批准提议的总理和政府(通过授权投票)或暗示接受他或她的政府(通过不信任投票失败)。关于第二阶段(谈判),我们注意到被任命为组阁者的两个好处:第一,组阁者通常会成为总理;第二,组阁者可能会为他的政党获得额外的奖金,形式是额外的内阁部长职位(参见第二章)。Baron and Ferreohn 1989)。作为成为总理和/或获得其他理想投资组合的中间步骤,成为formateur的重要性意味着提名人的选择(在第一阶段)很重要。“提名人”通常是君主或总统。无论他们的正式立场如何,提名人在两个关键方面存在沿着差异:(a)他们的党派偏好有多明确;(B)他们的选择(谁将成为组建者)受到宪法规则和规范的约束程度。PI打算收集1990年至今所有议会制和半总统制民主国家的整个政府组建过程的数据。数据包括但不限于:(1)提名人的党派归属;(2)提名人面临的宪法约束;(3)提名人面临的政治机会(主要由政党和联盟体系的碎片化决定);(4)第一次任命的组建者,第二次,第三次,等等;(5)内阁组合和其他职位的分配(例如,(6)各政党就其联合组阁意向所作的任何公开宣布。然后将分析(1)提名人是否更有可能任命本党成员为组阁者;(2)提名人是否能为其政党获得内阁组合的奖金份额;(3)组阁者何时以及为什么能够获得内阁组合的奖金份额;以及(4)提名者效应的预期如何影响选举前联盟的形成;这一项目的学术价值在于它澄清了议会和半总统制政府组成的谈判过程,特别是突出了党派提名人的作用。该项目更广泛的影响包括为政治改革者的决策提供一些依据,这些改革者最近在许多国家主要关注的是重新设计政府组建过程或政党制度。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Gary Cox其他文献
Acquired perforating disease in oil field workers
- DOI:
10.1016/s0190-9622(86)70077-7 - 发表时间:
1986-04-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
J. Marshall Knox;John M. Knox;Scott M. Dinehart;William Holder;Gary Cox;Edgar B. Smith - 通讯作者:
Edgar B. Smith
Gary Cox的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Gary Cox', 18)}}的其他基金
Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: The Politics of Structural Changes in Voter Turnout
政治学博士论文研究:选民投票率结构变化的政治
- 批准号:
0819491 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 12.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation in Political Science: Contesting the Contest: Political Parties and Election Boycotts
政治学博士论文:竞争:政党和选举抵制
- 批准号:
0418519 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 12.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: Ties, Agenda Setting, and Parties in American State Legislatures
政治学博士论文研究:美国州立法机构中的联系、议程设置和政党
- 批准号:
0418483 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 12.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Agenda Power in Democratic Legislatures
民主立法机构的议程权力
- 批准号:
9905224 - 财政年份:1999
- 资助金额:
$ 12.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Strategic Redistricting and Its Political Consequences
合作研究:战略选区重划及其政治后果
- 批准号:
9730547 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 12.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: Federalism, Political Parties, and Policy-Making in Brazil
政治学博士论文研究:巴西的联邦制、政党和政策制定
- 批准号:
9631784 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 12.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Formal Models of Parties and Committees
政党和委员会的正式模型
- 批准号:
9022882 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
$ 12.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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