The Expression and Impact of Parent-offspring Conflict in Natural Populations of Least Killifish

最小鳉鱼自然种群中亲子冲突的表现及影响

• 批准号: 0822547
• 负责人: Joseph Travis
• 金额: $ 35.05万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0822547&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Expression; Impact; Parent; offspring; Conflict

When mothers provide nutrition for offspring throughout gestation, offspring and mother have conflicting interests. Mothers ought to distribute nutrition evenly to all offspring, but each offspring ought to coerce as much nutrition as possible for itself. This project will examine whether different levels of conflict, produced by different levels of relatedness within a mother?s brood, can account for the vastly different levels of maternal investment in offspring seen in nature and for different patterns of gene expression during gestation in different populations. The project will also examine whether this conflict can be ameliorated by enhancing the nutrition available to mothers, and whether this conflict accounts for the high number of inviable embryos observed in crosses between individuals from different populations.The conflicting interests of mothers and offspring are postulated to be responsible for features such as the mammalian placenta, genetic imprinting, and the rapid diversification of live-bearing animals. This project will address several of these postulated connections in the same system and thereby illuminate whether one process can offer a unifying explanation for many seemingly disparate features in nature. It will also provide training opportunities for high schoolers, teachers, undergraduates, and a postdoctoral fellow, including groups under-represented in science.

当母亲在整个怀孕期间为后代提供营养时，子女和母亲的利益就会发生冲突。母亲应该将营养均匀地分配给所有的后代，但每个后代都应该强迫自己获得尽可能多的营养。这个项目将考察不同程度的冲突是否可以解释自然界中母亲对后代投入的巨大差异，以及不同人群在怀孕期间基因表达的不同模式，这些冲突是由母亲内部不同程度的关联所产生的--S一窝。该项目还将研究是否可以通过增加母亲可获得的营养来改善这种冲突，以及这种冲突是否解释了在来自不同种群的个体之间观察到的大量无法存活的胚胎。母亲和后代之间的利益冲突被认为是导致哺乳动物胎盘、基因印记和活体动物迅速多样化等特征的原因。这个项目将解决同一系统中的几个假设联系，从而阐明一个过程是否可以为许多看起来完全不同的自然界特征提供统一的解释。它还将为高中生、教师、本科生和博士后研究员提供培训机会，包括在科学领域代表性不足的群体。