Collaborative Research: Tissue Cutting Mechanics - Investigation of the Effective and Minimally Invasive Biopsy

合作研究：组织切割力学 - 有效和微创活检的研究

• 批准号: 0825722
• 负责人: Kornel Ehmann
• 金额: $ 22.58万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0825722&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Tissue; Cutting; Mechanics

The research objective of this award is to investigate the cutting mechanics of biological tissue in needle biopsy procedures by viewing biopsy as a cutting process with tissue as the work-material. This will be accomplished by testing novel needle tip geometries using high speed tissue cutting test machines to characterize the mechanics of tissue cutting and by modeling the mechanics of tissue cutting. Advanced helical needle-tips and micro-grinding methods will be applied to generate novel needle-tip geometries with sharp, burr-free cutting edges. Two test machines, one for high speed orthogonal and oblique tissue cutting and another for high speed needle insertion, will be built to investigate the effects of cutting speed and needle tip geometry. Mechanistic models will be built to predict the tissue cutting force related to the needle geometry and cutting speed. Tissue fracture and tissue-needle tribological phenomena in high-speed tissue cutting will be studied to develop the fundamentals of tissue cutting mechanics. If successful, the benefits of this research will be improved performance of the most commonly used medical device - the needle. Tissue cutting efficiency will increase thereby reducing pain and trauma in biopsy procedures. New biopsy machines with advanced needles and optimized operating parameters will increase the volume of tissue samples collected in each needle insertion and improve the accuracy of pathology diagnoses in a wide range of biopsy procedures. Results of the proposed research will also extend the traditional field of machining to biomedical and health care applications and promote the emerging research frontiers in biomedical manufacturing.

该奖项的研究目标是通过将活检视为以组织为工作材料的切割过程来研究穿刺活检过程中生物组织的切割力学。这将通过使用高速组织切割试验机测试新型针尖几何形状来表征组织切割的力学特性，并通过对组织切割的力学进行建模来实现。先进的螺旋针尖和微研磨方法将用于生成具有锋利、无毛刺切割边缘的新型针尖几何形状。将构建两台试验机，一台用于高速正交和斜向组织切割，另一台用于高速针插入，以研究切割速度和针尖几何形状的影响。将建立机械模型，以预测与针几何形状和切割速度相关的组织切割力。研究高速组织切割中的组织断裂和组织针摩擦学现象，以发展组织切割力学基础。如果成功，这项研究的好处将是提高最常用的医疗设备-针头的性能。组织切割效率将提高，从而减少活检过程中的疼痛和创伤。配备先进活检针和优化操作参数的新型活检机将增加每次进针时收集的组织样本量，并提高各种活检程序中病理诊断的准确性。拟议研究的结果还将把传统的机械加工领域扩展到生物医学和医疗保健应用领域，并促进生物医学制造领域的新兴研究前沿。