EMT/NANO: Comprehensive Modeling of Power Dissipation, Leakage, and Non-Equilibrium Transport in Low-Dimensional Transistors

EMT/NANO：低维晶体管中功耗、漏电和非平衡传输的综合模型伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校的功耗和漏电是现代集成电路的重要问题，而且在未来变得越来越重要。泄漏是温度的强烈函数，因此也是耗散功率的函数。然而，目前还没有关于纳米级、低维设备的详细模型或数据，对于碳纳米管或石墨烯等高兴趣技术中用于散热的界面的微观行为和作用也知之甚少。此外，快速开关时间(数量级为1ps)与电子或声子散射时间相当，导致器件运行期间载流子不平衡和发热。这项研究涉及对纳米级集成电路中的功耗和泄漏进行全面、微观的理解。更具体地说，它(1)扩展了现有的蒙特卡罗方法，以研究非平衡声子对功率损耗和泄漏的作用，(2)通过分子动力学模拟来追求对器件界面上声子耦合的微观理解，以及(3)将先进的物理理解总结为自洽的电热紧凑模型，用于电路建模。这项研究也被纳入到PI教授的课程的课堂材料中，包括在研究生课程的背景下更新或创建新的维基百科文章。模型和计算机代码通过NSF/NCN计算NanHUB免费提供。如果我们对纳米级器件功率问题的理解有所突破，那么从自下而上、器件和材料的角度出发，我们就可以采用一种革命性的方法来设计热效率高的电路和系统。

EMT/NANO: Comprehensive Modeling of Power Dissipation, Leakage, and Non-Equilibrium Transport in Low-Dimensional TransistorsEric Pop ? University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Power dissipation and leakage are significant concerns of modern integrated circuits, and increasingly important in the future. Leakage is a strong function of temperature, and hence of the power dissipated. However, no detailed models or data exist for nanoscale, low-dimensional devices, and little is known about the microscopic behavior and role of interfaces for heat dissipation in technologies of high interest such as carbon nanotubes or graphene. In addition, fast switching times (of order 1 ps) are comparable to electron- or phonon-scattering times, leading to non-equilibrium carriers and heating during device operation. This research involves producing a comprehensive, microscopic understanding of power dissipation and leakage in nanometer-scale integrated circuits. More specifically it (1) extends an existing Monte Carlo approach to investigate the role of non-equilibrium phonons on power dissipation and leakage, (2) pursues a microscopic understanding of phonon coupling across device interfaces with Molecular Dynamics simulations, and (3) wraps up the advanced physical understanding into self-consistent electrical-thermal compact models to be used in circuit modeling. The research is also incorporated into classroom materials for the courses taught by the PI, including updating or creating new Wikipedia articles in the context of a graduate class. Models and computer codes are made freely available through the NSF/NCN computational nanoHUB. A breakthrough in our understanding of nanoscale device power issues can lead to a revolutionary approach to thermally efficient circuit and system design, from a bottom-up, device and materials perspective.