CAREER: Development of Complex Polysaccharide Nanostructures via Electrostatic Self-Assembly

ID: MPS/DMR/BMAT(7623) 0847641 PI: Kipper， Matthew ORG: Colorado state标题：职业：通过静电自组装的复杂多糖纳米结构的发展该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。知识优势：多糖为组织和器官提供结构和机械特性，并且它们具有蛋白质的结合域，如酶、细胞因子、生长因子和其他细胞外基质成分。因此，它们是将生物力学和生化功能引入组织工程等应用材料的优秀候选材料。它们的化学和物理性质受其聚电解质性质的影响，这种性质由悬垂的羧酸、胺和硫酸盐部分产生。这些静电相互作用主导着自组装、蛋白质结合、表面和界面相互作用等现象，并可用于调整多糖基材料的纳米结构和表面性质。这项工作的总体目标是开发技术来定制复杂的多糖纳米结构的组装。为了实现这一目标，将实现三个研究目标：(1)构建一系列具有可调结构的生物来源多糖纳米结构aggrecan的合成类似物，从而可以识别其纳米结构对溶液结构和动力学的影响。(2)调整多糖基纳米颗粒和表面涂层的纳米级结构和组成。(3)开发复杂的多糖纳米结构组件，并利用它们来模拟基于多糖的生物纳米结构，如聚集体。聚电解质多层、聚电解质复合纳米颗粒和静电纺纳米纤维将分别用于控制材料在矩形、球面和柱坐标下的组成和组织。在第三个目标中，我们将开发将这三种类型的纳米结构组合成更复杂的组件的技术。更广泛的影响：这项研究计划的成功将提供对一类重要生物材料的物理化学和纳米级组织的新理解。这将使模拟组织结构和组织的材料工程设计成为可能。这里开发的技术将被纳入科罗拉多州立大学生物大分子物理化学的一门新课程中，供科罗拉多州立大学新的跨学科生物医学工程学院的学生使用。参与的研究生和本科生将通过将他们的工程专业知识应用于生物学和医学问题，训练他们在工程和生物学的界面工作。PI与兽医学院和农业学院的研究人员建立了合作关系，这将使学生有机会与来自不同学科的研究人员进行互动。PI将为高中生开发并提供为期两周的聚合物夏季短期课程，包括每天上午的讲座和下午的实验组成部分。短期课程的基本主题将是聚合物的性质和性能，他们可以在许多长度尺度和时间尺度上见证，最终与分子结构有关。本课程将从日常例子开始向学生介绍聚合物，然后通过与他们相关的主题讨论聚合物的一些有趣的性质和熟悉的应用。通过厨房保鲜膜、一次性塑料厨具等熟悉的产品介绍聚合物的生产，通过回收的讨论介绍聚合物的溶解度，通过？厨房里的聚合物？实验室实验将被设计成低成本的，并且可以很容易地在一个典型的高中教室里重现。该课程将提供给当地（柯林斯堡）公立高中和丹佛科学技术学院（DSST）的12名高中生和1至3名高中科学教师。DSST是一所公立特许学校，学生中28%为西班牙裔，29%为非洲裔。在DSST， 40%的学生来自低收入家庭。包括来自DSST的学生和教师是一项深思熟虑的策略，以帮助改善STEM学科中代表性不足的少数民族的入学率。

ID: MPS/DMR/BMAT(7623) 0847641 PI: Kipper, Matthew ORG: Colorado StateTitle: CAREER: Development of complex polysaccharide nanostructures via electrostatic self-assembly This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).INTELLECTUAL MERIT: Polysaccharides provide structural and mechanical properties for tissues and organs, and they have binding domains for proteins such as enzymes, cytokines, growth factors, and other extracellular matrix components. They are therefore excellent candidate materials for introducing both biomechanical and biochemical functionality into materials for applications such as tissue engineering. Their chemical and physical properties are affected by their polyelectrolyte nature which arises from pendent carboxylic acid, amine, and sulfate moieties. These electrostatic interactions dominate such phenomena as self-assembly, protein binding, and interactions at surfaces and interfaces, and can be used to tune the nanostructure and surface properties of polysaccharide-based materials. The overall goal of this work is to develop techniques to tailor the assembly of complex polysaccharide nanostructures. To accomplish this goal, three research objectives will be achieved: (1) Construct a series of synthetic analogs of a biologically derived polysaccharide nanostructure, aggrecan, with tunable architecture, so that the effects of its nanostructure on solution structure and dynamics can be discerned. (2) Tune the nanoscale structure and composition of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles and surface coatings. (3) Develop complex assemblies of polysaccharide nanostructures, and use them to engineer mimics of biological nanostructures based on polysaccharides, such as the aggrecan aggregate. Polyelectrolyte multilayers, polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles, and electrospun nanofibers will be employed to control the composition and organization of materials in rectangular, spherical, and cylindrical coordinates, respectively. In the third objective, we will develop techniques to combine these three types of nanostructures into more complex assemblies.BROADER IMPACTS: The success of this research program will provide a new understanding of the physical chemistry and nanoscale organization of an important class of biological materials. This will enable the engineering design of materials that mimic the structure and organization of tissues. The technology developed here will be incorporated into a new course at Colorado State University on the physical chemistry of biomacromolecules, for students in the new interdisciplinary School of Biomedical Engineering at Colorado State University. Participating graduate and undergraduate students will be trained to work at the interface of engineering and biology by applying their engineering expertise to problems in biology and medicine. The PI has established collaborations with researchers in the Colleges of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture that will give students opportunities to interact with researchers from a variety of disciplines. The PI will develop and deliver a two week summer short course for high school students on polymers that will include daily morning lecture and afternoon laboratory components. The underlying theme for the short course will be that the properties and performance of polymers that they can witness over many length scales and time scales are ultimately related to the molecular architecture. The course will introduce students to polymers beginning with everyday examples and then discuss some of the interesting properties and familiar applications of polymers through topics they can relate to. Polymer production will be introduced through products they are familiar with such as kitchen wrap and disposable plastic kitchenware, polymer solubility will be introduced through discussions of recycling, and polymer solutions and viscoelasticity will be discussed through ?polymers in the kitchen.? Laboratory experiments will be designed that are low-cost and can be easily reproduced in a typical high school classroom. The course will be offered to twelve high school students and one to three high school science teachers at local (Fort Collins) public high schools and the Denver School of Science and Technology (DSST). DSST is a public charter school with a population of 28% Hispanic and 29% African American students. At DSST 40% of the students come from low-income families. Including students and teachers from DSST is a deliberate strategy to help improve the enrollment of underrepresented minorities in STEM disciplines.