CAREER: Development of Complex Polysaccharide Nanostructures via Electrostatic Self-Assembly

ID：MPS/DMR/BMAT（7623）0847641 PI：Kipper，Matthew ORG：科罗拉多州职业：该奖项由2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（Public Law 111-5）资助。智力优势：多糖为组织和器官提供结构和机械性能，它们具有蛋白质的结合域，如酶，细胞因子，生长因子和其他细胞外基质成分。 因此，它们是将生物力学和生物化学功能引入材料中用于组织工程等应用的优秀候选材料。 它们的化学和物理性质受到它们的亲水性的影响，所述亲水性来自侧链羧酸、胺和硫酸酯部分。 这些静电相互作用主导了诸如自组装、蛋白质结合以及表面和界面处的相互作用等现象，并且可以用于调节基于多糖的材料的纳米结构和表面性质。这项工作的总体目标是开发技术来定制复杂的多糖纳米结构的组装。 为了实现这一目标，将实现三个研究目标：（1）构建一系列具有可调结构的生物衍生的多糖纳米结构（aggrecan）的合成类似物，以便可以识别其纳米结构对溶液结构和动力学的影响。(2)调整基于多糖的纳米颗粒和表面涂层的纳米结构和组成。(3)开发多糖纳米结构的复杂组件，并使用它们来设计基于多糖的生物纳米结构的模拟物，例如聚集蛋白聚糖聚集体。聚电解质多层膜、纳米复合物和静电纺丝纳米纤维将分别用于控制矩形、球形和圆柱坐标系中材料的组成和组织。 在第三个目标中，我们将开发技术，将这三种类型的纳米结构联合收割机组合成更复杂的组件。更广泛的影响：这一研究计划的成功将提供一个新的理解的物理化学和纳米级组织的一个重要类别的生物材料。这将使工程设计的材料，模仿组织的结构和组织。 这里开发的技术将被纳入科罗拉多州立大学关于生物大分子物理化学的新课程中，供科罗拉多州立大学新的跨学科生物医学工程学院的学生使用。 参与的研究生和本科生将接受培训，通过将他们的工程专业知识应用于生物学和医学问题，在工程和生物学的界面上工作。 PI与兽医学院和农业学院的研究人员建立了合作关系，这将使学生有机会与来自不同学科的研究人员进行互动。 PI将为高中学生开发和提供为期两周的聚合物暑期短期课程，包括每天上午的讲座和下午的实验室部分。短期课程的基本主题将是，他们可以在许多长度尺度和时间尺度上见证的聚合物的性质和性能最终与分子结构有关。本课程将向学生介绍聚合物开始与日常的例子，然后讨论一些有趣的特性和熟悉的应用聚合物通过主题，他们可以涉及。聚合物生产将通过他们熟悉的产品，如厨房包装和一次性塑料厨具，聚合物的溶解性将通过回收的讨论介绍，和聚合物的解决方案和粘弹性将通过讨论？厨房里的聚合物实验室实验将设计成本低，可以很容易地复制在一个典型的高中教室。该课程将提供给当地（柯林斯堡）公立高中和丹佛科学技术学院（DSST）的12名高中生和1至3名高中科学教师。DSST是一所公立特许学校，拥有28%的西班牙裔学生和29%的非洲裔学生。在DSST，40%的学生来自低收入家庭。包括DSST的学生和教师是一项深思熟虑的战略，以帮助提高STEM学科中代表性不足的少数民族的入学率。

ID: MPS/DMR/BMAT(7623) 0847641 PI: Kipper, Matthew ORG: Colorado StateTitle: CAREER: Development of complex polysaccharide nanostructures via electrostatic self-assembly This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).INTELLECTUAL MERIT: Polysaccharides provide structural and mechanical properties for tissues and organs, and they have binding domains for proteins such as enzymes, cytokines, growth factors, and other extracellular matrix components. They are therefore excellent candidate materials for introducing both biomechanical and biochemical functionality into materials for applications such as tissue engineering. Their chemical and physical properties are affected by their polyelectrolyte nature which arises from pendent carboxylic acid, amine, and sulfate moieties. These electrostatic interactions dominate such phenomena as self-assembly, protein binding, and interactions at surfaces and interfaces, and can be used to tune the nanostructure and surface properties of polysaccharide-based materials. The overall goal of this work is to develop techniques to tailor the assembly of complex polysaccharide nanostructures. To accomplish this goal, three research objectives will be achieved: (1) Construct a series of synthetic analogs of a biologically derived polysaccharide nanostructure, aggrecan, with tunable architecture, so that the effects of its nanostructure on solution structure and dynamics can be discerned. (2) Tune the nanoscale structure and composition of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles and surface coatings. (3) Develop complex assemblies of polysaccharide nanostructures, and use them to engineer mimics of biological nanostructures based on polysaccharides, such as the aggrecan aggregate. Polyelectrolyte multilayers, polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles, and electrospun nanofibers will be employed to control the composition and organization of materials in rectangular, spherical, and cylindrical coordinates, respectively. In the third objective, we will develop techniques to combine these three types of nanostructures into more complex assemblies.BROADER IMPACTS: The success of this research program will provide a new understanding of the physical chemistry and nanoscale organization of an important class of biological materials. This will enable the engineering design of materials that mimic the structure and organization of tissues. The technology developed here will be incorporated into a new course at Colorado State University on the physical chemistry of biomacromolecules, for students in the new interdisciplinary School of Biomedical Engineering at Colorado State University. Participating graduate and undergraduate students will be trained to work at the interface of engineering and biology by applying their engineering expertise to problems in biology and medicine. The PI has established collaborations with researchers in the Colleges of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture that will give students opportunities to interact with researchers from a variety of disciplines. The PI will develop and deliver a two week summer short course for high school students on polymers that will include daily morning lecture and afternoon laboratory components. The underlying theme for the short course will be that the properties and performance of polymers that they can witness over many length scales and time scales are ultimately related to the molecular architecture. The course will introduce students to polymers beginning with everyday examples and then discuss some of the interesting properties and familiar applications of polymers through topics they can relate to. Polymer production will be introduced through products they are familiar with such as kitchen wrap and disposable plastic kitchenware, polymer solubility will be introduced through discussions of recycling, and polymer solutions and viscoelasticity will be discussed through ?polymers in the kitchen.? Laboratory experiments will be designed that are low-cost and can be easily reproduced in a typical high school classroom. The course will be offered to twelve high school students and one to three high school science teachers at local (Fort Collins) public high schools and the Denver School of Science and Technology (DSST). DSST is a public charter school with a population of 28% Hispanic and 29% African American students. At DSST 40% of the students come from low-income families. Including students and teachers from DSST is a deliberate strategy to help improve the enrollment of underrepresented minorities in STEM disciplines.