EFRI-BSBA: Learning from Plants -- Biologically-Inspired Multi-Functional Adaptive Structural Systems

EFRI-BSBA：从植物中学习--生物启发的多功能适应性结构系统PI名称：Kon-well Wang研究所：密歇根大学安娜堡密歇根分校Proposal No：0937323该研究项目是一项跨学科的合作研究，旨在通过研究植物的特性来创造一种变革性的多功能适应性工程结构概念。研究人员建议探索新的生物驱动/生物传感想法，建立在植物细胞的机械、化学和电气特性启发的创新基础上。已经观察到，植物的自然驱动(例如，金星捕蝇草或含羞草的快速植物运动)是由于内部静水压力促进植物细胞形状的方向性变化而发生的，从而实现了大的力和行程的驱动。我们还知道，植物可以适应外界负载和损伤的方向/大小，并通过细胞生长来重组或修复自己。能够同时实现分布式大行程/力驱动、显著的性能变化、自感知、重构和自愈一直是自适应结构研究人员的梦想。植物的生物传感/驱动特性可以为工程师提供宝贵的知识和机会，促进跨学科的智能进步，这可能导致一种新的适应性结构范式，并对生物科学和工程的联合领域产生重大影响。该项目的智力价值在于，多学科研究团队将在各自的界面上推动不同学科(植物和细胞生物学、材料和制造、化学运输、机电一体化、结构动力学和控制)的进步，并利用协同效应为未来的适应性材料和结构创造基础知识的重大飞跃。通过对植物细胞壁组织如何在植物快速运动过程中影响细胞形状变化的生理学特征，该团队将研究能够实现最有效的生长作用的植物细胞的壁纤维网络和方向。在调查人员的基础上发扬光大？在对前景看好的流体柔性基质复合材料(F2MC)概念的研究中，F2MC细胞将基于我们对细胞壁对压力、负载和损伤的响应的更好理解来模拟植物细胞的功能。将为F2MC材料探索先进的纳米纤维联网能力。受植物细胞膜运输现象的启发，将开发出一种微结构，它产生压力来激活F2MC细胞，感知和调节压力，检测损伤，并进行修复。通过结构分析和控制合成，F2MC细胞将被组装成类似于循环网络的超细胞拓扑结构，用于全球驱动和结构控制、能量收集、热管理和自我修复。预计这一项目的结果将对社会产生广泛和重大的影响。这些发现可能成为未来机械、民用、交通和航空航天系统的基石，具有增强的功能和性能。下一代空中、海上和陆地车辆、智能机器和智能基础设施将从知识发现中受益匪浅。研究人员将把新兴的前沿研究与教育项目结合起来，在各个层面上对学习产生广泛的影响，为劳动力提供跨越生物学和工程学的多学科系统的培训。

EFRI-BSBA: Learning from Plants -- Bio-Inspired Multi-Functional Adaptive Structural Systems PI Name: Kon-Well WangInstitution: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI.Proposal No: 0937323The research project is a collaborative interdisciplinary study to create a transformative multifunctional adaptive engineering structure concept through investigating the characteristics of plants. The investigators propose to explore new bio-actuation/bio-sensing ideas building upon innovations inspired by the mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties of plant cells. It has been observed that plant nastic actuations (e.g., rapid plant motions of Venus Flytrap or Mimosa) occur due to directional changes in plant cell shape facilitated by internal hydrostatic pressure, achieving actuations with large force and stroke. It is also known that plants can adapt to the direction/magnitude of external loads and damage, and reconfigure or heal themselves via cell growth. The ability to concurrently achieve distributed large stroke/force actuation, significant property change, self-sensing, reconfiguration, and self-healing has long been the dream of the adaptive structures researchers. The bio-sensing/ actuation features of plants can provide engineers with valuable knowledge and opportunities for interdisciplinary intellectual advancements that could lead to a new paradigm of adaptive structures and impact the joint field of bioscience and engineering significantly. The intellectual merit of this project is that the multidisciplinary research team will push forward advancements in various disciplines at their interfaces (plant and cell biology, materials and manufacturing, chemical transport, mechatronics, and structural dynamics and controls) and utilize the synergy to create a significant leap in fundamental knowledge for future adaptive materials and structures. By physiological characterization of how plant cell wall organization influences cell shape changes during rapid plant motions, the team will investigate the wall fibrillar networks and the orientations of plant cells that can achieve the most effective nastic actions. Building upon and advancing from the investigators? study of the promising fluidic flexible matrix composite (F2MC) concept, F2MC cells will be created that emulate functions of plant cells based on our improved understanding of the cell wall response to pressure, loading, and damage. Advanced nanofiber networking capability will be explored for the F2MC materials. Inspired by the plant cell membrane transport phenomenon, a microstructure will be developed that generates pressure to actuate the F2MC cells, senses and regulates pressure, detects damage, and heals. Through structural analysis and control synthesis, F2MC cells will be assembled to form a hypercellular topology resembling a circulatory network for global actuation and structural control, energy harvesting, thermal management, and self healing. The outcome of this project is expected to impact the society broadly and significantly. The findings could become the building blocks of future mechanical, civil, transportation, and aerospace systems with enhanced functionality and performance. The next generation of air, marine, and land vehicles, intelligent machines, and smart infrastructure will benefit greatly from the knowledge discovery. The investigators will integrate the emerging frontier research with educational programs to achieve broad impact on learning at various levels, contributing to the workforce training on multidisciplinary systems crossing biology and engineering.