EFRI-BSBA: Learning from Plants -- Biologically-Inspired Multi-Functional Adaptive Structural Systems

EFRI-BSBA：从植物中学习--生物启发的多功能自适应结构系统PI姓名：Kon-Well Wang机构：密歇根大学，安阿伯MI.提案号：0937323该研究项目是一个跨学科的合作研究，通过调查植物的特性来创建一个变革性的多功能自适应工程结构概念。 研究人员建议探索新的生物驱动/生物传感理念，该理念建立在植物细胞的机械、化学和电学特性的启发下。 已经观察到，植物性致动（例如，金星捕蝇草或含羞草的快速植物运动）是由于植物细胞形状的方向变化而发生的，该方向变化由内部流体静压力促进，从而实现具有大的力和冲程的致动。 还已知植物可以适应外部负荷和损伤的方向/大小，并通过细胞生长重新配置或修复自身。 同时实现分布式大行程/力驱动、显著的性能变化、自感知、重构和自修复的能力一直是自适应结构研究者的梦想。 植物的生物传感/致动特性可以为工程师提供宝贵的知识和跨学科知识进步的机会，这可能导致自适应结构的新范式，并对生物科学和工程的联合领域产生重大影响。该项目的智力价值在于，多学科研究团队将推动各个学科在其接口（植物和细胞生物学，材料和制造，化学运输，机电一体化以及结构动力学和控制）方面的进步，并利用协同作用为未来的自适应材料和结构创造基础知识的重大飞跃。 通过对植物细胞壁组织如何影响植物快速运动过程中细胞形状变化的生理学表征，研究小组将研究细胞壁纤维网络和植物细胞的方向，以实现最有效的nastic作用。 在调查人员的基础上发展和进步？研究的前景流体柔性基质复合材料（F2 MC）的概念，F2 MC细胞将创建模仿植物细胞的功能，基于我们的细胞壁响应的压力，负载和损伤的改进的理解。 将为F2 MC材料探索先进的可扩展网络能力。 受植物细胞膜运输现象的启发，将开发一种微结构，产生压力以驱动F2 MC细胞，感知和调节压力，检测损伤并愈合。 通过结构分析和控制合成，F2 MC细胞将被组装成一个超细胞拓扑结构，类似于一个循环网络，用于全局驱动和结构控制、能量收集、热管理和自我修复。 预计该项目的成果将对社会产生广泛而重大的影响。 这些发现可能成为未来机械，民用，运输和航空航天系统的基石，具有增强的功能和性能。 下一代空中、海上和陆地车辆、智能机器和智能基础设施将从知识发现中受益匪浅。 研究人员将把新兴的前沿研究与教育计划相结合，对各级学习产生广泛影响，为跨生物学和工程学的多学科系统的劳动力培训做出贡献。

EFRI-BSBA: Learning from Plants -- Bio-Inspired Multi-Functional Adaptive Structural Systems PI Name: Kon-Well WangInstitution: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI.Proposal No: 0937323The research project is a collaborative interdisciplinary study to create a transformative multifunctional adaptive engineering structure concept through investigating the characteristics of plants. The investigators propose to explore new bio-actuation/bio-sensing ideas building upon innovations inspired by the mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties of plant cells. It has been observed that plant nastic actuations (e.g., rapid plant motions of Venus Flytrap or Mimosa) occur due to directional changes in plant cell shape facilitated by internal hydrostatic pressure, achieving actuations with large force and stroke. It is also known that plants can adapt to the direction/magnitude of external loads and damage, and reconfigure or heal themselves via cell growth. The ability to concurrently achieve distributed large stroke/force actuation, significant property change, self-sensing, reconfiguration, and self-healing has long been the dream of the adaptive structures researchers. The bio-sensing/ actuation features of plants can provide engineers with valuable knowledge and opportunities for interdisciplinary intellectual advancements that could lead to a new paradigm of adaptive structures and impact the joint field of bioscience and engineering significantly. The intellectual merit of this project is that the multidisciplinary research team will push forward advancements in various disciplines at their interfaces (plant and cell biology, materials and manufacturing, chemical transport, mechatronics, and structural dynamics and controls) and utilize the synergy to create a significant leap in fundamental knowledge for future adaptive materials and structures. By physiological characterization of how plant cell wall organization influences cell shape changes during rapid plant motions, the team will investigate the wall fibrillar networks and the orientations of plant cells that can achieve the most effective nastic actions. Building upon and advancing from the investigators? study of the promising fluidic flexible matrix composite (F2MC) concept, F2MC cells will be created that emulate functions of plant cells based on our improved understanding of the cell wall response to pressure, loading, and damage. Advanced nanofiber networking capability will be explored for the F2MC materials. Inspired by the plant cell membrane transport phenomenon, a microstructure will be developed that generates pressure to actuate the F2MC cells, senses and regulates pressure, detects damage, and heals. Through structural analysis and control synthesis, F2MC cells will be assembled to form a hypercellular topology resembling a circulatory network for global actuation and structural control, energy harvesting, thermal management, and self healing. The outcome of this project is expected to impact the society broadly and significantly. The findings could become the building blocks of future mechanical, civil, transportation, and aerospace systems with enhanced functionality and performance. The next generation of air, marine, and land vehicles, intelligent machines, and smart infrastructure will benefit greatly from the knowledge discovery. The investigators will integrate the emerging frontier research with educational programs to achieve broad impact on learning at various levels, contributing to the workforce training on multidisciplinary systems crossing biology and engineering.