Perspective-Taking in Conversation

对话中换位思考

• 批准号: 1019161
• 负责人: Sarah Brown-Schmidt
• 金额: $ 30.05万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1019161&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Perspective; Taking; Conversation

Face-to-face conversation is often considered the most basic form of language use, as it likely played a key role as languages evolved and it continues to play important roles in language acquisition and communication. With support from the NSF, the investigator will conduct a 3-year study of the way language is used and understood in interactive conversation. Engaging in conversation fundamentally depends on the insights we form about the knowledge and beliefs of our conversational partner. Sometimes these insights are correct, sometimes they fail dramatically, and other times the insights are not formed at all. This project will develop and test a theoretical framework for understanding how these insights are formed and used and, crucially, when they fail. The experiments combine eye-tracking technology with interactive conversation to study these processes in real time. This project will provide key insights into how a poorly understood but core component of language, that is, forming insights about the perspective of another person, guides every-day language use. This proposal will provide opportunities for extensive, hands-on research for graduate and undergraduate students. Undergraduate participants from groups that are underrepresented in science will have the opportunity to participate through the University of Illinois Summer Research Opportunity Program.

面对面的交谈通常被认为是语言使用的最基本形式，因为它可能在语言的演变中发挥了关键作用，并继续在语言习得和交流中发挥重要作用。在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，研究人员将对语言在互动对话中的使用和理解方式进行为期3年的研究。参与对话从根本上取决于我们对对话伙伴的知识和信念的见解。有时候这些洞见是正确的，有时候它们会戏剧性地失败，而其他时候这些洞见根本就没有形成。该项目将开发和测试一个理论框架，以了解这些见解是如何形成和使用的，以及最重要的是，当它们失败时。实验将联合收割机眼动追踪技术与交互式会话相结合，对这些过程进行真实的实时研究。这个项目将提供关键的见解如何理解，但语言的核心组成部分，也就是说，形成对另一个人的观点的见解，指导日常语言使用。 该提案将为研究生和本科生提供广泛的实践研究机会。来自科学代表性不足的团体的本科生参与者将有机会通过伊利诺伊大学夏季研究机会计划参与。