Collaborative: Using Roll Call Votes to Understand Legislative Behavior

协作：使用点名投票来了解立法行为

• 批准号: 1066340
• 负责人: Brian Crisp
• 金额: $ 16.7万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1066340&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Using; Roll; Call; Votes

In most democracies, the public record of legislative votes in national and local parliaments is an important basis for holding elected officials accountable. In political science, that record is also an important source of data on legislator and party behavior. In practice, many legislatures create a public record of the votes cast by individual legislators for only a fraction of the issues on which votes occur. These recorded votes often are not a representative sample of all votes cast and may exhibit systematic biases that have implications for political accountability and for the science of political behavior. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of the issues that receive a publicly recorded vote (a roll-call vote) is essential to our understanding of democratic processes and evaluating the limits of scientific inferences that can be drawn from roll-call data. This study will advance our understanding of the voting record through examination of national parliamentary bodies around the world.Intellectual merit. Currently in political science, two accounts, derived from alternative political motivations, serve as the basis of contending explanations of the decision to conduct a recorded vote: disciplining arguments and position-taking arguments. This study (a) develops theory about the implications of these accounts and specifies testable propositions about both what issues come to a vote and what are the consequences for legislators' observable voting patterns; (b) examines the policy domains and legislative sponsors in the full population of votes to the policy domains and legislative sponsors subject to recorded votes; (c) examines the formal rules and political context that condition the issues that receive a recorded or unrecorded vote; and (d) generates and estimates statistical models that account for the effect of expected outcomes on the decision to request a recorded vote.In doing so, the study provides a deeper understanding of the roll-call vote data generating process than political science has had to date, which, in turn, will allow stronger inferences to be drawn from observed voting behavior.Broader impact. This study is the first systematic effort to understand the roll-call vote data generating process for multiple national parliaments. The study will advance our understanding of democratic representation, accountability, and responsiveness. In addition, it will provide a large corpus of data on parliamentary voting that will be important to scholars in the field of comparative legislative politics. Finally, the project will provide graduate students with invaluable research experience.

在大多数民主国家，国家和地方议会立法投票的公开记录是追究民选官员责任的重要基础。在政治学中，记录也是立法者和政党行为数据的重要来源。在实践中，许多立法机构只对投票所涉及的一小部分问题建立了个别立法者投票的公开记录。这些记录的投票通常不是所有投票的代表性样本，并且可能表现出对政治问责制和政治行为科学有影响的系统性偏见。因此，了解接受公开记录表决（唱名表决）的问题的特征对于我们理解民主进程和评估从唱名数据中得出的科学推论的局限性至关重要。这项研究将通过审查世界各地的国家议会机构，增进我们对投票记录的了解。目前，在政治学中，有两种来自不同政治动机的说法，作为对进行记录表决的决定进行争论的解释的基础：纪律性论点和立场选择性论点。本研究（a）发展理论，这些帐户的影响，并指定可测试的命题都有什么问题来投票和什么是立法者的可观察的投票模式的后果;（B）检查的政策领域和立法提案人的全部人口的投票，以政策领域和立法提案人受记录表决;（c）审查对接受记录表决或非记录表决的问题作出规定的正式规则和政治背景;以及（d）生成并估计统计模型，该模型说明预期结果对请求记录表决的决定的影响。在这样做时，该研究比迄今为止的政治科学更深入地了解了唱名投票数据生成过程，这反过来又将使人们能够从观察到的投票行为中得出更强有力的推论。更广泛的影响。这项研究是第一次系统地努力了解多个国家议会的唱名投票数据生成过程。这项研究将促进我们对民主代表制、问责制和回应性的理解。 此外，它还将提供大量关于议会投票的数据，这些数据对比较立法政治领域的学者非常重要。最后，该项目将为研究生提供宝贵的研究经验。