Neuro-Marker Discovery for Accurate Localization of the Sub-Thalamic Nucleus for Deep Brain Stimulation

1067488 InceDeep brain stimulation（DBS）已成为美国帕金森病患者最常见的手术治疗方法。的疾病（PD），并涉及立体定向植入DBS电极内丘脑底核（DBS）的大脑。DBS的临床疗效关键取决于脑实质的准确定位。目前，通过术前脑立体定向磁共振成像（MRI）确定最初的手术轨迹。DBS电极的最终位置然后在手术期间通过从电生理记录获得的数据进行修改-以单单位神经元活动（SUA）的形式，从多个微电极记录轨道导出。然而，由于立体定向成像的当前限制，微电极记录期间SUA的隔离不良，以及人类受试者之间大脑深部结构位置的解剖学差异。因此，需要新的技术，可以自动定位或提供额外的证据，神经外科医生约脑定位。微电极也可用于记录局部场电位（LFP），与SUA记录相反，其代表来自电极尖端周围的神经元群体的聚集活动。然而，在临床上有用的，模式LFP数据需要被翻译成另一种方式，使他们可以解释由clinical.The智力的优点，这个项目驻留在测试的假设，术中记录的LFP数据可以用来确定膀胱的位置。具体而言，该项目将记录来自连续深度的微电极和宏电极的LFP，因为这些电极被推进到微电极。记录的神经数据将被离线处理，使用最先进的信号处理和机器学习方法来识别新的神经标记物，这些标记物将用于优化术中电极放置。该研究项目将识别和验证对应于最佳电极定位的特定LFP衍生数据的使用。这一跨学科项目的结果将使一种新技术的发展，融合微电极记录与计算智能定位脑深部电刺激手术期间的脑梗死。拟议的研究工具将为设计一种新的DBS手术系统提供有价值的数据，该系统可由世界各地的外科医生实施。预期这种系统通过增强脑电刺激定位来减少外科手术的持续时间，通过减少所需的微电极记录通过次数来减少手术出血率，并显著降低次优DBS电极定位的发生率，从而提高刺激的功效。此外，拟议的努力旨在解决国家？中国目前在神经技术领域的理工科专业人才短缺。该项目的跨学科性质为研究生的教育提供了一个很好的环境，专注于医疗保健行业和新兴的神经调节领域的仪器。

1067488InceDeep brain stimulation (DBS) has become the most common surgical treatment in the U.S. for patients with Parkinson?s disease (PD), and involves the stereotactic implantation of a DBS electrode within the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of the brain. The clinical efficacy of DBS depends critically on accurate localization of the STN. Currently, the initial surgical trajectory to STN is determined by preoperative stereotactic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. The ultimate location of the DBS electrode is then modified during surgery by data obtained from electrophysiological recordings--in the form of single-unit neuronal activity (SUA), derived from multiple microelectrode recording tracks.However, optimal placement of DBS electrodes within STN remains challenging due to current limitations of stereotactic imaging, poor isolation of SUA during microelectrode recordings, and anatomical differences in the location of deep brain structures between human subjects. Consequently, new techniques are required which can automatically localize or provide additional evidence to the neurosurgeon about STN localization. Microelectrodes can also be used to record local field potentials (LFPs) which, in contrast to SUA recordings, represent aggregate activity from populations of neurons surrounding the electrode tip. However, to be clinically useful, patterns in LFP data need to be translated into another modality so that they can be interpreted by the clinician.The intellectual merit of this project resides in testing the hypothesis that LFP data recorded intraoperatively can be used to identify STN location. Specifically, this project will record LFPs from both micro- and macro-electrodes at consecutive depths, as these electrodes are advanced to STN. Recorded neural data will be processed offline, using state-of-the-art signal processing and machine learning methods to identify novel neuro-markers which will be used for the optimization of electrode placement in STN. This research project will identify and validate the use of specific LFP-derived data that correspond to optimal electrode positioning. The results of this interdisciplinary project will enable the development of a new technology for fusing microelectrode recordings with computational intelligence to localize STN during DBS surgery. The proposed research tools will provide valuable data for designing a new DBS surgery system that could be implemented by surgeons around the world. Such a system is expected to reduce the duration of the surgical procedure by enhancing STN localization, reduce the procedural hemorrhage rate by decreasing the number of microelectrode recording passes needed, and significantly decrease the rate of sub-optimal DBS electrode positioning, hence improving efficacy of stimulation. Moreover, the proposed efforts aim to address the nation?s current talent shortage in science and engineering majors in the field of neurotechnology. The interdisciplinary nature of the project offers a great environment for the education of graduate students with a concentration in instrumentation for use in the healthcare industry and the burgeoning field of neuromodulation.