HCC: Small: Tools and Mechanisms to Support Civic GeoCampaigns

该项目将创建软件基础设施和社会技术机制，让各机构参与公民的努力，以便收集数据，甚至在其当地社区承担小任务。实现这一目标需要填补重大的技术空白：(1)没有强大的软件基础设施来支持广泛的社区活动，(2)组织者没有一套通用的激励机制来吸引和激励公民参与，(3)组织者没有软件工具来监测有效性并进行必要的调整。本项目通过对四个中心主题的研究来应对这些挑战。首先，它将创建任务、协调机制、激励和用户界面的通用本体，以供组织者定义目标。其次，它将开发算法来匹配参与者和任务，并开发用户界面让参与者找到感兴趣的任务。第三个主题是自动化机制和可视化工具，供组织者监测进展情况并调整激励措施或参与资格等参数。第四，它将为参与者创建界面，以可视化他们的贡献，并查看他们已经赚取或有资格赚取的奖励，基于根据他们的参与对用户进行建模的技术。技术成果将体现在一个软件基础设施中，该基础设施将被部署并用作对所开发的算法和交互技术进行经验评估的平台。该项目的主要科学成果将是社会参与努力的综合软件基础设施、各种激励机制和使用指南目录、一套新的任务匹配和参与者招募技术、监测和动态调整进展的自动化和半自动技术，以及关于这些新的算法和互动技术如何在实践中发挥作用的经验知识。通过这项研究开发的基础设施具有巨大的潜力，使地方政府机构能够收集更多、准确和及时的数据，为其决策提供信息。它还可以帮助公民参与他们的社区，找到需要不同技能和时间投入的建设性任务。一个更广泛的潜在影响是，这项研究的产品可以帮助更新地方政府和公民之间的关系，使政府对公民更具响应性，并让公民对政府更有信心。

This project will create software infrastructure and sociotechnical mechanisms that let agencies engage the efforts of citizens in order to gather data and even take on small tasks in their local communities. Realizing this aim requires filling significant technological gaps: (1) no robust software infrastructure that enables a broad range of community activities, (2) no general set of incentive mechanisms that organizers can use to attract and motivate citizen participation, and (3) no software tools for organizers to monitor effectiveness and make necessary adjustments.This project takes on these challenges through research on four central topics. First, it will create a general ontology of tasks, coordination mechanisms, incentives, and user interfaces for organizers to define goals. Second, it will develop algorithms to match participants and tasks, and user interfaces for participants to find tasks of interest. The third topic is automated mechanisms and visualization tools for organizers to monitor progress and adjust parameters such as incentives or participation qualifications. Fourth, it will create interfaces for participants to visualize their contributions and view incentives they have earned or are eligible to earn, based on techniques to model users based on their participation. The technical results will be embodied in a software infrastructure which will be deployed and used as a platform for empirical evaluation of the developed algorithms and interaction techniques. The key scientific outcomes of this project will be a general and integrated software infrastructure for social participation efforts, a diverse catalog of incentive mechanisms and guidelines for use, a novel set of task matching and participant recruiting techniques, automated and semi-automated techniques to monitor and dynamically adjust progress, and empirical knowledge of how these novel algorithms and interaction techniques work in practice. The infrastructure developed through this research has great potential for enabling local government agencies to gather much more, accurate, and timely data to inform their decisions. It also can help citizens to become involved with their communities, finding constructive tasks to take on that require differing amounts of skill and time commitments. An even broader potential impact is that the products of this research can help renew the relationship between local governments and citizens, making government more responsive to citizens and giving citizens greater faith in their governments.