SoCS: Collaborative Research: Novel Algorithms and Interaction Mechanisms to Enhance Social Production

数以百万计的人使用社交媒体技术来组织自己，以产生有价值的信息和艺术品，如维基百科、GNU/Linux和PatientsLikeMe。然而，这些社区有明显的问题：(1)它们很好地让人们维持现有的关系，并找到其他与他们相似的人，从而可能会促进自我隔离和意见两极分化。(2)知识生产已经民主化，但代价是贬低专家参与。(3)它们让人们接触到来自遥远地方的新鲜想法，但很少有网站包含丰富的家乡社区的当地知识。这个项目通过创建算法和用户界面来解决这些问题，这些算法和用户界面将个人和社区推向更有效的社会关系和互动模式。智力优势包括：(1)确定人们用来建立社交网络的原则，他们考虑的潜在联系人的范围，以及他们遇到潜在联系人的背景。(2)对不同社会网络结构在解决一系列现实决策任务中的有效性的经验知识。(3)新的社交推荐算法，最大限度地提高网络效率，并推荐互动机会，作为沟通和联系的背景。中介影响：这项研究将在两个社会兴趣领域--育儿和骑自行车--的背景下进行，从而产生显著的更广泛的影响。为人们提供信息，让他们有信心更多地骑自行车，可以增加他们的个人健康，减少空气污染，并提高社区凝聚力。研究表明，拥有更大和更多样化社交网络的父母会做出更好的育儿决定，而且父母还会在特定问题上寻求专家建议。因此，一个帮助人们形成有效的社交网络并提供与专业教育人员联系的系统会给父母带来直接的好处。更好的父母也倾向于更多地参与他们的社区；因此，改善社区健康是一个额外的效果。最后，通过研究小组与家长教育工作者的联系，该项目将明确针对低收入家庭的父母，他们最需要支持和信息。

Millions of people used social media technologies to organize themselves to produce information and artifacts of value, such as Wikipedia, GNU/Linux, and PatientsLikeMe. However, these communities have significant problems: (1) They work so well to let people maintain existing relationships and find others who are similar to them that they can promote self-segregation and opinion polarization. (2) Knowledge production has been democratized, but at the price of devaluing expert participation. (3) They open people to fresh ideas from far-off places, but few sites incorporate the rich local knowledge of home communities. This project addresses these problems by creating algorithms and user interfaces that nudge individuals and communities into more effective patterns of social connections and interaction. The intellectual merit includes: (1) Identification of principles people use to build their social networks, the range of potential contacts they consider, and the contexts in which they encounter potential contacts. (2) Empirical knowledge of the effectiveness of different social network structures for solving a range of realistic decision-making tasks. (3) Novel social recommendation algorithms that maximize network effectiveness and that recommend interaction opportunities that serve as contexts for communication and connection.Broader impacts: This research will be performed in the context of two domains of societal interest, parenting and bicycling, enabling significant broader impacts. Providing people information that gives them confidence to bicycle more increases their personal health, decreases air pollution, and improves community cohesion. Research shows that parents with larger and more diverse social networks make better parenting decisions, and that parents also seek expert advice for specific issues. Therefore, a system that helps people form effective social networks and that provides access to expert educators offers direct benefits to parents. Better parents also tend to be more involved in their communities; thus, improved community health is a bonus effect. Finally, through the research team's connections with parent educators, the project will explicitly target parents from low-income families, who have the greatest needs for support and information.