Biochemical Basis of S-RNase-Based Self-Incompatibility

基于 S-RNase 的自交不亲和性的生化基础

• 批准号: 1146182
• 负责人: Teh-hui Kao
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1146182&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biochemical; Basis; RNase; Based; Self

Most flowering plants produce complete flowers, with anthers and pistil located in close proximity. This arrangement is conducive to self-pollination, which leads to inbreeding and consequent reduced fitness in progeny. Many flowering plants have adopted self-incompatibility (SI) to circumvent the tendency for inbreeding. This genetic trait allows the pistil to reject self-pollen but accept non-self pollen for fertilization. The PI is using Petunia inflata as a model to study SI, with the ultimate goal of understanding how the pistil can distinguish self and non-self pollen, and how this recognition leads to specific rejection of self-pollen. His group previously identified the S-RNase gene as responsible for the pistil's ability to recognize and reject self-pollen. The PI's group, along with Dr. Seiji Takayama's group in Japan, found that pollen employs multiple S-locus F-box (SLF) genes in its SI function. In this project, the PI will use molecular approaches to test the collaborative non-self-recognition model that explains how multiple SLF proteins interact with a single S-RNase to allow non-self pollen tubes, but not self pollen tubes, to escape its toxic effect. The results obtained will lead to a better understanding of the interactions between these proteins that underlie this important inbreeding-preventing mechanism. This proposed research has wider implications for the self/non-self recognition process, a fundamental process in biology, as well as for studying protein degradation, a key regulatory mechanism in many biological processes. The SLF and S-RNase genes could be used to facilitate hybrid-seed production, and if accomplished, this will have tremendous agronomic benefits. The PI will engage four graduate and five to six undergraduate students in this project to prepare them for future careers in research, and will continue to participate in an annual biology fair at Penn State to educate the public, particularly K-12, about plant reproductive biology and SI.

大多数开花植物产生完整的花，花药和雌蕊紧密相连。这种安排有利于自花授粉，从而导致近亲交配，从而降低后代的适合度。许多开花植物已经采用自交不亲和(SI)来规避近亲交配的趋势。这种遗传特性允许雌蕊拒绝自体花粉，但接受非自体花粉受精。PI正在使用矮牵牛作为模型来研究SI，最终目的是了解雌蕊如何区分自体和非自体花粉，以及这种识别如何导致对自体花粉的特定排斥。他的团队此前发现，S核糖核酸酶基因负责雌蕊识别和拒绝自交花粉的能力。Pi的团队和日本的高山诚司博士的团队发现，花粉在其SI功能中使用了多个S基因座F盒(SLF)基因。在这个项目中，PI将使用分子方法来测试协作的非自我识别模型，该模型解释了多个SLF蛋白如何与单个S核糖核酸酶相互作用，使非自体花粉管，而不是自体花粉管，逃脱其毒性影响。所获得的结果将有助于更好地理解这些蛋白质之间的相互作用，这些相互作用是这一重要的近亲繁殖预防机制的基础。这项拟议的研究对生物学中的基本过程自我/非自我识别过程以及研究蛋白质降解具有更广泛的影响，蛋白质降解是许多生物过程中的关键调节机制。SLF和S核糖核酸酶基因可用于促进杂交制种，如果实现这一点，将产生巨大的农艺效益。PI将邀请四名研究生和五到六名本科生参与这个项目，为他们未来的研究生涯做好准备，并将继续参加宾夕法尼亚州立大学的年度生物学博览会，教育公众，特别是K-12学生，了解植物生殖生物学和SI。