EFRI-BioFlex: Rapid Identification of Blood, Urine, and Saliva Toxins and Bacterial Infections with a SERS/LSS Flexible System

EFRI-BioFlex：使用 SERS/LSS 灵活系统快速识别血液、尿液和唾液毒素以及细菌感染

• 批准号: 1240410
• 负责人: Lev Perelman
• 金额: $ 199.98万
• 依托单位: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1240410&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EFRI; BioFlex; Rapid; Identification; Blood

Intellectual Merit of Proposed Activity:A portable hybrid sensing system for the rapid detection and identification of toxins and bacteria in blood, urine, and saliva will be developed by combining surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and light scattering spectroscopy. The unique chemical sensitivity of Raman for toxin detection and the sensitivity of light scattering for bacterial identification in an inexpensive, portable system would provide a powerful and rapid diagnostic tool suitable for emergency, ambulatory or home use. Unintentional drug overdose deaths account for more than 25,000 annual fatalities in the United States. Similarly, bacterial infection results in an even larger number of deaths. Both toxin poisoning and bacterial infection, which can cause sepsis and septic shock, are serious health problems in emergency medicine, affecting millions of people. In life threatening cases of poisoning and bacteremia, the patient survival rate is highly correlated with the speed of identifying the offending agent. Interfacing the system with a portable data transfer device such as a smartphone to quickly transmit results to healthcare providers in a personalized telemedicine manner will allow for the fastest possible treatment times in situations that need them most. The combination of toxin and bacterial identification in a single system has the potential to decrease or eliminate the need for several major time-consuming diagnostic tests that require large expensive instruments and advanced facilities. This system will allow rapid, reliable, and inexpensive identification of virtually all biologically dangerous compounds and will surpass the limited number of toxins which current large and expensive clinical instruments can detect. Similarly, blood culture technology for identifying the bacterial species in an infection takes several days, with some strains taking up to five days to be detected, or simply failing to culture entirely. In cases of severe sepsis, this slow procedure results in a patient survival of approximately 40%. Additionally, the rapid classification of bacterial infections has a likelihood of reducing the emergence of bacterial strains with antibiotic resistance. The proposed flexible system will be transformative in nature, will have an immediate impact on the mortality rates in life-threatening circumstances, and could also have a profound influence on the future of healthcare delivery.Broader Impact of Proposed Activity:The developed instrumentation will serve as a research and educational tool for clinical fellows specializing in emergency and laboratory medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and by Harvard Biological and Biomedical Science Program graduate students in their thesis research projects. It will also be made available to other educational institutions for use in collaborative projects. The project also involves summer undergraduate and high school students to work on sub-topics in the research and development related to the device. Material related to the rapid identification of chemical toxins and blood stream infections with the proposed system will be incorporated in two courses at Harvard. The results of this work will also be disseminated broadly through peer-reviewed journal publications and international conference presentations. The Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging and Photonics is dedicated to the integration of members of under-represented groups. One key goal is to have women and minorities as active postdocs and/or graduate students in all research groups. The combined flexible system will benefit society in three ways. First, a substantial decrease in the cost and complexity of operation of the diagnostic tests will reduce the cost of healthcare. Second, the presence of fast tests for toxin and bacterial identification will save tens of thousands of lives. Third, the proposed system will reduce the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, which would help alleviate one of the largest and most expensive emerging healthcare issues.

拟议活动的智力价值：将结合表面增强拉曼光谱和光散射光谱，开发一种便携式混合传感系统，用于快速检测和鉴定血液、尿液和唾液中的毒素和细菌。在廉价的便携式系统中，拉曼对毒素检测的独特化学敏感性和对细菌鉴定的光散射敏感性将提供一种适合紧急情况、门诊或家庭使用的强大而快速的诊断工具。在美国，每年有超过2.5万人死于非故意药物过量死亡。同样，细菌感染导致的死亡人数甚至更多。毒素中毒和细菌感染都是急诊医学中严重的健康问题，影响着数百万人，它们都可能导致败血症和感染性休克。在危及生命的中毒和菌血症病例中，患者的存活率与识别致病菌的速度高度相关。将该系统与智能手机等便携式数据传输设备接口，以个性化的远程医疗方式将结果快速传输到医疗保健提供者，将允许在最需要治疗的情况下尽可能快地进行治疗。将毒素和细菌鉴定结合在一个系统中，有可能减少或消除对需要大型昂贵仪器和先进设施的几种耗时的主要诊断测试的需求。该系统将能够快速、可靠和廉价地识别几乎所有具有生物危险的化合物，并将超过目前大型且昂贵的临床仪器可以检测到的有限数量的毒素。同样，血液培养技术用于识别感染中的细菌种类需要几天时间，有些菌株需要长达五天的时间才能检测到，或者根本无法完全培养。在严重脓毒症的病例中，这一缓慢的过程导致患者存活率约为40%。此外，细菌感染的快速分类有可能减少具有抗生素耐药性的细菌菌株的出现。拟议的灵活系统将具有变革性，将对危及生命的情况下的死亡率产生直接影响，并可能对未来的医疗保健提供产生深远影响。拟议活动的广泛影响：所开发的仪器将作为贝丝以色列女执事医学中心急诊和实验室医学专业临床研究员以及哈佛生物和生物医学计划研究生在其论文研究项目中的研究和教育工具。它还将提供给其他教育机构，用于合作项目。该项目还邀请暑期本科生和高中生参与与该设备相关的研发中的子主题工作。与使用拟议系统快速识别化学毒素和血流感染相关的材料将被纳入哈佛大学的两门课程。这项工作的成果还将通过同行评议的期刊出版物和国际会议发言广泛传播。高级生物医学成像和光子学中心致力于整合代表不足的群体的成员。一个关键目标是让妇女和少数群体在所有研究小组中担任活跃的博士后和/或研究生。合并后的灵活制度将在三个方面造福社会。首先，大幅降低诊断测试的成本和操作复杂性将降低医疗保健成本。其次，毒素和细菌鉴定的快速检测将拯救数万人的生命。第三，拟议的系统将减少抗生素耐药细菌菌株的出现，这将有助于缓解最大、最昂贵的新兴医疗问题之一。