Laser mass spectrometer microscopy for analysis of cultural heritage objects

用于分析文化遗产的激光质谱显微镜

• 批准号: 1241779
• 负责人: Mattanjah de Vries
• 金额: $ 33.03万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1241779&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Laser; mass; spectrometer; microscopy; analysis

With support from the Chemical Measurement and Imaging Program in the Division of Chemistry and Office of Multidisciplinary Activities, a new collaborative project between Professor de Vries and his group at the University of California-Santa Barbara (UCSB) and researchers at the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI) in Los Angeles will develop a new technique capable of unambiguously identifying organic components in cultural heritage objects. The new method is based on a specialized form of laser mass spectrometry, combined with microscopy in a unique instrument. This approach will have the spatial resolution necessary to isolate small quantities of organic material in discrete layers of tiny mounted samples from paintings (called cross sections), and the sensitivity to provide molecularly specific identification of materials present in very low concentrations. The unambiguous identification of artists' materials at a molecular and microstructural level can elucidate historic geological or biological material sources, manufacturing processes and trade routes. An understanding of works of art additionally assists conservators and curators develop the storage and exhibition protocols necessary to protect and preserve works of art, and assists art historians in their investigations into the relationships between an object, the artist, and the historical and cultural environments in which it was created. The R2PI-uMS technique developed in this work is also expected to enhance scientific research in a number of diverse fields other than art conservation, ranging from organic surface analysis in the electronics industry, to analysis/testing in the modern paint industry, to the study of spatial distributions of metabolites in cells in botanical or biological studies. The graduate students that are involved in the project will have the unique opportunity of working in both academic and cultural heritage research environments, helping to foster the next generation of scientists engaged in cultural heritage science. In addition to training graduate students, the researchers will involve undergraduate and high school students in the framework of UCSB sponsored outreach programs to minority students and high schools and the Getty's Graduate Intern and Multicultural Undergraduate Internship programs. In an additional collaboration, students from Jackson State University, a historically black college, will also participate in the project. By involving such a diverse group of researchers, the PIs will work to increase participation of minority students in STEM fields.

在化学学部和多学科活动办公室化学测量和成像项目的支持下，加州大学圣巴巴拉分校（UCSB）的德弗里斯教授和他的团队与洛杉矶盖蒂保护研究所（GCI）的研究人员之间开展了一项新的合作项目，将开发一种能够明确识别文化遗产中有机成分的新技术。新方法是基于一种特殊形式的激光质谱法，结合显微镜在一个独特的仪器。这种方法将具有必要的空间分辨率，可以从绘画的微小裱装样品（称为横截面）的离散层中分离出少量有机物质，并且具有灵敏度，可以对非常低浓度的材料进行分子特异性鉴定。在分子和微观结构水平上对艺术家的材料进行明确的识别，可以阐明历史的地质或生物材料来源、制造过程和贸易路线。对艺术作品的理解还有助于保护人员和策展人制定必要的存储和展览协议，以保护和保存艺术作品，并帮助艺术史学家调查一件物品、艺术家和创造它的历史和文化环境之间的关系。在这项工作中开发的R2PI-uMS技术也有望加强艺术保护以外的许多不同领域的科学研究，从电子工业的有机表面分析到现代油漆工业的分析/测试，再到植物或生物研究中细胞代谢物的空间分布研究。参与该项目的研究生将有独特的机会在学术和文化遗产研究环境中工作，有助于培养下一代从事文化遗产科学的科学家。除了培训研究生，研究人员还将在UCSB赞助的少数民族学生和高中外展项目以及盖蒂研究生实习生和多元文化本科生实习项目的框架下，让本科生和高中生参与其中。在另一项合作中，来自杰克逊州立大学（Jackson State University）的学生也将参与该项目，这是一所历史悠久的黑人大学。通过让如此多元化的研究人员参与进来，pi将努力提高少数族裔学生在STEM领域的参与度。