Influenza virus and viral RNA induced activation of innate immunity

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Influenza viruses are globally very important pathogens causing yearly epidemics and occasional pandemic that may lead to significant morbidity and mortality. At present, vaccines, antiviral substances and social isolation are the means to prevent and treat influenza infections in a society. To better fight against influenza virus infections we need better understanding of the basic mechanisms of virus replication, viral – host interactions and activation of host immune responses. The present project will take place as a collaborative network between Finnish, German and Chinese research group that are among the leaders of their fields in influenza virology, innate immunity, RNA biology and experimental mouse infection research. The research groups will characterize the activation of host innate immune responses in human cellular models and mouse animal experiments. The functions of cellular receptors and antiviral molecules that are activated by influenza viruses and/or their genetic material will be characterized. The work will provide information on the mechanisms of activation and inhibition of innate immune responses during influenza infection and the data obtained in the project is likely to lead to novel innovations and a better means to treat and prevent severe influenza virus infections.