Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant - Investigating The Effects of State Expansion in Rural Greece

博士论文改进补助金 - 调查希腊农村地区国家扩张的影响

• 批准号: 1346694
• 负责人: William Parkinson
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Field Museum of Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-15 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1346694&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Investigating

A fundamental goal of this research is to understand how, in large scale political units such as states or empires, rural or "peripheral" communities are integrated into larger economically dominant social centers. Currently, the lack of such integration has resulted in unrest in developing countries in many regions of the world. Archaeological research, such as this project, has the ability to bring a centuries-long perspective to this question. As empires rise, expand, and fall, the people living within their borders are affected in dramatically different ways. With the guidance of her doctoral advisor, Dr. William Parkinson, Rebecca Seifried will study the ebb and flow of imperial expansion in a region famed for its location on the cultural and geographical edge of Greece - the Mani peninsula in the southern Peloponnese. The project will focus on how the transition from Byzantine (1204-1453) to Ottoman (1453-1830) rule affected where people lived and the types of physical and visual connections they maintained over time. To accomplish this task, she will use an innovative combination of methods, including analysis of aerial photography and satellite imagery, archaeological survey, study of historical archives, and spatial analysis with geographic information systems (GIS) software. Data will be gathered from several different sources: ceramics, architectural traditions, cobbled road systems, village populations, and geographic locations of settlements. After mapping and dating the settlements and the roads that connect them, Seifried will use spatial analysis to determine how their relationships changed after Ottoman rule was established in the region. Finally, the findings will be compared with other regions in the former Ottoman Empire, including the Albanian highlands, the island of Cyprus, and the neighboring peninsulas of Messenia and Laconia.Archaeological research on state expansion has tended to focus on the most important cities and their economically productive hinterlands. Different anthropological models (generally referred to as "core-periphery" models) have been proposed to understand how these types of places interacted. However, most of the rural areas within imperial borders have been left relatively unexplored. This project challenges these core-periphery models by exploring a region on the outskirts of an imperial territory. This work is directly relevant to the modern geopolitical landscape, since, like the Mani, much of the world does not fit neatly into the categories of "core" or "periphery." As such, the project seeks to illuminate the relationship between state systems and their borderlands, regardless of place or time period.The project will also have a broader impact in terms of international collaboration, training, and education. It will also demonstrate how a multidisciplinary approach, combining techniques from the fields of archaeology, geophysics, and history, can greatly benefit our understanding of rural socioeconomic changes in the recent past. It will actively promote collaboration between American and Greek scholars, encourage involvement of women in the sciences, and provide Greek students with training in innovative techniques and hands-on archaeological field experience. The ceramic collection of the local archaeological museum in Pyrgos Dirou will be expanded with material from these later periods, which are severely underrepresented in most Greek museums. More generally, all data will be disseminated to the public and the scientific community through The Field Museum website, publications in peer-reviewed journals and edited volumes, press releases in Greece, and lectures at Greek institutions and scholarly conferences. Seifried will also give presentations for locals in the Mani to provide information about the project, promote engagement with recent cultural heritage, and encourage the protection of Byzantine and Ottoman archaeological sites and features.

这项研究的一个基本目标是了解在国家或帝国等大规模政治单位中，农村或“边缘”社区是如何融入更大的经济主导的社会中心的。目前，由于缺乏这种一体化，导致世界许多地区的发展中国家出现动乱。考古研究，如这个项目，有能力将数百年来的观点带到这个问题上来。随着帝国的崛起、扩张和衰落，生活在其边界内的人们受到了截然不同的影响。在博士生导师威廉·帕金森博士的指导下，丽贝卡·塞弗里德将研究帝国扩张的潮起潮落，该地区以其位于希腊文化和地理边缘的位置而闻名-伯罗奔尼撒南部的马尼半岛。该项目将专注于拜占庭(1204-1453)向奥斯曼帝国(1453-1830)统治的过渡如何影响人们的居住地以及他们随着时间的推移保持的物理和视觉联系的类型。为了完成这项任务，她将使用创新的方法组合，包括航空摄影和卫星图像分析、考古调查、历史档案研究以及地理信息系统(GIS)软件的空间分析。数据将从几个不同的来源收集：陶瓷、建筑传统、鹅卵石道路系统、村庄人口和聚落的地理位置。在对定居点和连接它们的道路进行测绘和年代测定之后，Seifred将使用空间分析来确定在奥斯曼帝国统治在该地区建立后，它们的关系是如何变化的。最后，这些发现将与前奥斯曼帝国的其他地区进行比较，包括阿尔巴尼亚高地、塞浦路斯岛以及邻近的梅塞尼亚半岛和拉科尼亚半岛。关于国家扩张的考古研究往往集中在最重要的城市及其具有经济生产力的腹地。不同的人类学模型(通常被称为“核心-外围”模型)被提出来理解这些类型的地方是如何相互作用的。然而，帝国边界内的大部分农村地区相对来说都没有得到开发。这个项目通过探索帝国领地郊区的地区来挑战这些核心-外围模式。这项工作与现代地缘政治格局直接相关，因为像Mani一样，世界上的许多地区并不完全符合“核心”或“外围”的范畴。因此，该项目旨在阐明国家系统与其边界之间的关系，不分地点和时间段。该项目还将在国际合作、培训和教育方面产生更广泛的影响。它还将展示多学科方法，结合考古学、地球物理学和历史领域的技术，如何极大地帮助我们理解最近过去的农村社会经济变化。它将积极促进美国和希腊学者之间的合作，鼓励妇女参与科学研究，并为希腊学生提供创新技术培训和实地考古实践经验。皮尔果斯·迪鲁当地考古博物馆的陶器收藏将扩大，加入这些后期时期的材料，这些材料在大多数希腊博物馆中的代表性严重不足。更广泛地说，所有数据将通过外地博物馆网站、同行评议期刊和编辑卷上的出版物、希腊新闻稿以及在希腊各机构和学术会议上的讲座向公众和科学界传播。Seifred还将向Mani的当地人介绍该项目，促进与最近的文化遗产的接触，并鼓励保护拜占庭和奥斯曼帝国的考古遗址和特征。