SHF: Small: Detecting and Repairing Presentation Failures in Web Applications

SHF：小型：检测和修复 Web 应用程序中的演示失败

• 批准号: 1528163
• 负责人: William Halfond
• 金额: $ 37.5万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1528163&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHF; Small; Detecting; Repairing; Presentation

The user interfaces (UIs) of a web application serve an important rolein the success of online companies. Studies have shown that theaesthetics of an application?s UIs can strongly influence users?overall evaluation of a company; in particular impressions oftrustworthiness and usability. Presentation failures ? a discrepancybetween the actual appearance of a web site and its intendedappearance ? can undermine this effort and negatively impact endusers? perception of the quality of the site, the services itdelivers, and affect the branding a company is trying to achieve.Debugging presentation failures is typically a manual task wheretesters must identify when the layout and style of an app?s pages isincorrect and developers must carry out repairs. This process is bothlabor intensive and error prone: testers can easily miss presentationfailures, since the process is based on the testers? visual comparisonof a page and an oracle; and it can be difficult for developers toidentify the responsible HTML elements or properties once a failure isdetected, since HTML and CSS interact in complex ways. In thisresearch effort the PIs will investigate automated techniques to helptesters more accurately detect presentation failures and efficientlyidentify the faulty code. Given the widespread deployment of webapplications, this work will impact both end users and softwaredevelopers by reducing errors in these applications and making thedebugging process more effective and efficient. The results of thisresearch will also impact educational efforts through the training offuture software engineering in new techniques to improve the qualityof web applications.The technical research will encompass two general areas. The firstarea of research will advance techniques for detecting presentationfailures. The primary mechanism for doing this will be to applycomputer vision techniques to automatically identify discrepanciesbetween the actual rendered appearance of a UI and its intendedappearance. The developed techniques will be widely applicable to arange of UIs, including those with dynamic content and those usingdifferent specification mechanisms for UI oracles. The second area ofresearch will use the identified differences to identify the specificelements in the UI code that are responsible for the observedfailures. The research efforts will focus on using artificialintelligence techniques, such as search-based and statistical-basedlearning, on the UI?s layout models to reason about the UI?s possiblefaults and guide the developers to identify the faulty HTML elementsand CSS properties.

Web应用程序的用户界面（UIS）为在线公司的成功中发挥重要作用。 研究表明，应用程序的戏剧性可以强烈影响用户吗？对公司的总体评估；特别是对信任和可用性的印象。演示失败？网站的实际外观及其预期应用之间的差异？会破坏这项努力并对持久者产生负面影响？对网站质量，服务的质量感知并影响了公司试图实现的品牌。DEBUGGUGGIGGINGING呈现失败通常是手动任务的一项手动任务，必须确定应用程序页面的布局和样式何时是Incorcect，开发人员必须进行维修。这个过程是大量的，并且容易出错：由于该过程是基于测试人员的？页面和甲骨文的视觉比较；由于HTML和CSS以复杂的方式相互作用，因此开发人员很难识别负责任的HTML元素或属性。在这项研究工作中，PI将研究自动化技术，以更准确地检测出介绍失败并有效识别故障代码。 鉴于WebApplications的广泛部署，这项工作将通过减少这些应用程序中的错误并使TheDebugging流程更加有效和有效，从而影响最终用户和软件开发人员。 这项研究的结果还将通过新技术的培训offuture软件工程来影响教育工作，以改善Web应用程序的质量。技术研究将包括两个一般领域。 研究的第一部分将推进检测演示式拖网的技术。 这样做的主要机制将是应用计算机视觉技术，以自动确定UI的实际渲染外观及其预期应用之间的差异。 开发的技术将广泛适用于UI的Arange，包括具有动态内容的技术以及使用不同规范机制的UI甲壳虫。 研究的第二个领域将使用已确定的差异来识别负责观察到的falederes的UI代码中的特定元素。 研究工作将集中在使用人工智能技术上，例如基于搜索的和基于统计的学习，以对UI的布局模型进行推理，以推理UI的可能型号，并指导开发人员确定错误的HTML HTML Elements和CSS属性。