EXP: Helping Teachers Help Their Students: Teachers' Use of Intelligent Tutoring Software Analytics to Improve Student Learning

随着越来越多的工作需要精通STEM，提高K-12科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）的学习是一项关键的国家需求。最近，智能辅导系统（ITSs）在改善初中和高中的STEM学习方面表现出了很大的希望。虽然这些导师直接支持学生，但他们不向教师提供信息。本项目将通过开发软件来弥补这一不足，该软件将显示学生在中学数学方面的进步，并将建议教师为学生提供帮助，以提高他们的学习。该软件提供的帮助是基于内置在导师中的学习分析，但这太复杂了，教师无法使用。本项目将采用以用户为中心的设计方法，为信息技术系统创建教师仪表盘，使其能够在各种现实的课堂场景中发挥作用。将进行课堂研究，以评估当教师使用仪表板时，是否能帮助学生更有效地学习。这项工作将集中在Mathtutor上，这是一个免费的网站，里面有智能的中学数学学习辅导软件。具体来说，该项目将重点关注Lynnette，她是七年级和八年级的导师，在帮助学生学习解线性方程方面有着良好的记录。要解决的研究问题包括：智能辅导系统可以提供哪些对教师有帮助的关于学生学习的最新数据？如何以可操作的方式最好地呈现这些数据？教师如何使用仪表板中的可操作分析来帮助学生？当老师监控仪表板并用它来调整教学时，学生们学得更好吗？项目工作将包括设计、开发、试点测试和课堂研究。仪表板将设计与大量的教师输入。此外，该项目将通过Mathtutor网站为教师提供如何使用仪表板的指导。仪表板将与所有Mathtutor单元和所有使用CTAT/Tutorshop构建的导师一起工作，CTAT/Tutorshop是一个广泛使用的导师构建基础设施。不同的学生群体将受益，因为辅导软件对广泛的学生有效，包括少数民族学生、非英语母语者和低收入学生。

Improving learning in K-12 Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) is a critical national need as more jobs require STEM proficiency. Recently, Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have shown great promise in improving STEM learning in middle school and high school. While these tutors support students directly, they do not provide information to teachers. This project will remedy this shortcoming by developing software that will display the students' progress in middle school mathematics and will also suggest help that the teacher can provide to the students to enhance their learning. The help that the software provides is based on the analysis of learning built into the tutor, but which is too complex to be usable by teachers.This project will take a user-centered design approach to create a teacher's dashboard for ITSs, so that it can be effective in various realistic classroom scenarios. Classroom studies will be conducted to evaluate whether, when used by the teacher, the dashboard helps students learn more effectively. The work will focus on Mathtutor, a freely available website with intelligent tutoring software for middle-school mathematics learning. Specifically, the project will focus on Lynnette, a tutor for grades 7 and 8 with a proven track record in helping students learn to solve linear equations. The research questions to be addressed include: What is the up-to-the-minute data about student learning that intelligent tutoring systems can provide that is helpful to teachers and how can it best be presented in an actionable manner?How do teachers use actionable analytics presented in a dashboard to help their students?Do students learn better when their teacher monitors a dashboard and uses it to adjust the instruction?The project work will include design, development, pilot testing, and classroom studies. The dashboard will be designed with substantial teacher input. Further, the project will provide teacher guides for how to use the dashboard via the Mathtutor website. The dashboard will work with all Mathtutor units and all tutors built with CTAT/Tutorshop, a widely used tutor-building infrastructure. Diverse student groups will benefit, as tutoring software has been effective with a wide range of students, including minority students, non-native English speakers, and low-income students.