GOALI: SusChEM: A Collaboration on Catalysis between UCSB and Novartis

化学学部的化学催化项目为Bruce Lipshutz教授提供了与工业进行学术联络的资助机会（GOALI）。Lipshutz教授是加州大学圣巴巴拉分校（UCSB）的一名教员。该项目是加州大学圣迭戈分校和诺华制药公司合作开展的。UCSB进行的研究重点是为有价值的有机反应开发新的催化剂，其中贵金属钯的数量只需要百万分之一，而不是通常在钯催化反应中使用的更高水平。这些新的反应减少了与钯工业用途相关的环境足迹，因为反应是在水中进行的，避免了使用有毒、易燃和昂贵的有机溶剂。正在开发的试剂和实验具有一般的合成效用，因此可能对学术环境产生影响。这些研究小组的学生学习如何将工业制造与可持续化学结合起来。新的纳米颗粒（NPs）是由廉价的三氯化铁（III）（含约350 ppm的钯）和膦配体，与甲基格氏在室温下处理形成的。含有痕量钯金属（Pd）的新型铁纳米颗粒（NPs）催化Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应。诺华公司的药物缬沙坦（valsartan）含有联芳基残基，目前正在利用这一技术进行合成。这些NPs正在被研究作为其他重要的pd催化反应的催化剂，如Sonogashira偶联。反应在水中进行，从而消除了作为反应介质的有机溶剂。NPs可以回收利用，不仅有效地减少了所需的Pd量，而且还降低了产品中残留金属的水平。此外，研究还发现，在没有配体的情况下，这些铁纳米颗粒是水中芳香族和杂芳香族硝基还原的有效催化剂。还原生成相应的胺，这在制药工业中是一种有价值的转化。这些新技术是由研究生开发的，他们接受了合成有机化学和绿色化学的培训。参与该项目的学生将学习如何在反应开发和放大过程中最大限度地减少有机和金属废物。

The Chemical Catalysis Program in the Chemistry Division supports this Grant Opportunity for Academic Liaison with Industry (GOALI) award to Professor Bruce Lipshutz. Professor Lipshutz is a faculty member at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). The project is a collaboration between UCSB and Novartis, a pharmaceutical company. The research undertaken at UCSB focuses on developing new catalysts for valuable organic reactions, where the amount of precious metal, palladium, is only needed in parts per million, rather than the greater levels normally used in palladium-catalyzed reactions. These new reactions reduce the environmental footprint associated with industrial uses of palladium as the reactions are done in water, avoiding use of toxic, flammable, and costly organic solvents. The reagents and experiments under development are of general synthetic utility, and thus may have an impact in academic settings. Students in these research groups learn to couple industrial manufacturing with sustainable chemistry. New nanoparticles (NPs) are formed by treatment of inexpensive iron(III) trichloride (containing ca. 350 ppm palladium) and a phosphine ligand, with methyl Grignard at room temperature. The new iron nanoparticles (NPs) containing trace palladium metal (Pd) catalyze Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings reactions. Synthesis of the Novartis drug valsartan, which contains biaryl residue, is under development using this technology. These NPs are being investigated as catalysts for other important Pd-catalyzed reactions, such as Sonogashira couplings. The reactions are performed in water, thereby eliminating organic solvents as the reaction medium. The NPs can be recycled, effectively reducing not only the amount of Pd needed, but also the levels of residual metal found in the products. In addition, it has been found that these same iron nanoparticles, in the absence of ligand, are effective catalysts for the reduction of aromatic and heteroaromatic nitro groups in water. The reduction leads to the corresponding amine, which is a valuable transformation in the pharmaceutical industry. These new technologies are developed by graduate students, who receive their training both in synthetic organic chemistry and in green chemistry. The students involved in the project are develop the know how to minimize organic and metal waste in reaction development and scale-up.