GOALI: WERF: Bioaugmentation of activated sludge with high activity nitrifying granules/flocs: population selection, survival, biokinetics

目标：WERF：用高活性硝化颗粒/絮凝物对活性污泥进行生物强化：种群选择、生存、生物动力学

• 批准号: 1603707
• 负责人: H.David Stensel
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-15 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; WERF; Bioaugmentation; activated; sludge

1603707StenselMunicipal wastewater treatment plants are faced with new goals for nitrogen removal that are difficult to meet with limited space in urban areas. In cooperation with the DC Water (Washington DC), as well as King County (KC, Seattle) and Los Angeles County (LAC) water treatment facilities, the PIs intend to demonstrate and develop fundamental design information for an innovative bioaugmentation technology that meets high nitrogen removal standards and greatly reduces space, capital cost, energy, and chemical requirements. The proposed project examines ways to reduce operating costs for nitrogen removal using both pilot plant (at the participating plants) and lab-scale testing.Two systems are proposed. System I (operated at KC and LAC) develops nitritation granular sludge from sidestream centrate treatment that is added to the mainstream process. Granular sludge is a new type of round shaped dense rapid settling biomass of 1.0 to 3.0 mm diameter, resulting in bioreactors with greatly reduced area in contrast to conventional processes with lighter, less dense flocculent sludge, process intensification. The ability to uncouple the sludge retention time of the granules and flocculent sludge (selective retention) provides a long sludge retention time to increase the volumetric nitrification capacity of the mainstream significantly due to the high solids concentration of dense granules. Granular sludge bioreactors have contributed to a wastewater treatment revolution in Europe but are not yet implemented in the US, partly because aerobic granular sludge technology cannot be readily adapted to most existing activated sludge process reactor geometries. System II (operated at DC water) provides an enriched high activity nitritation floc from the cyclone separation overflow from a sidestream anammox process, which is fed to the mainstream to also intensify the volumetric nitrification capacity and promote a nitrite shunt in the main plant. Bioaugmentation of nitritation flocs and granules will enable the PIs to intensify existing infrastructure and achieve higher efficiency in given space, while reducing oxygen and carbon demands. The granular and flocculent biomass microbial populations and their survival and fate will be followed by molecular tools, fundamental biokinetic tests and process simulation models. The proposed work advances transformational innovative biological treatment methods and a deeper understanding of the microbial selection principles of ammonium and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in bioaugmented systems. It will be unique in combining population dynamics, identity, and kinetic parameters of granules and flocs with the ultimate goal to engineer an effective compact short cut nitrogen removal process. An innovative feature is increasing the volumetric nitrification capacity without increasing tank volume by growing high activity nitrifiers (granules/flocs) in a side reactor and to then seed the mainstream treatment to increase the nitrifying biomass density and volumetric capacity. This project enhances infrastructure for research and education in environmental engineering by exposing students to granular sludge technology. The results will be broadly disseminated by presentations at conferences. The PIs will reach underrepresented groups at the K-12 and undergraduate level through the minority science and engineering program, and the mathematics, science, engineering achievement program. This program has a strong history of bringing minority students on campus for extended program for faculty lectures and laboratory visits in which the PIs have participated.

1603707 Stensel市政污水处理厂面临着新的脱氮目标，这些目标在城市地区有限的空间内难以满足。与DC Water（华盛顿DC）以及King County（KC，西雅图）和洛杉矶县（LAC）水处理设施合作，PI打算展示和开发创新生物强化技术的基本设计信息，该技术符合高脱氮标准，并大大降低了空间、资本成本、能源和化学品要求。建议的项目研究如何通过试验工厂（在参与的工厂）和实验室规模的测试来降低脱氮的运营成本。系统I（在KC和LAC运行）从添加到主流工艺的侧流浓缩物处理中产生亚硝化颗粒污泥。颗粒污泥是一种新型的圆形致密快速沉降生物质，直径为1.0至3.0 mm，与传统工艺相比，生物反应器的面积大大减少，污泥较轻，密度较低，过程强化。由于致密颗粒的高固体浓度，使颗粒和絮凝污泥的污泥停留时间分开的能力（选择性停留）提供了长的污泥停留时间，以显著增加主流的体积硝化能力。颗粒污泥生物反应器在欧洲已经为废水处理革命做出了贡献，但在美国尚未实施，部分原因是好氧颗粒污泥技术不能很容易地适应大多数现有的活性污泥工艺反应器的几何形状。系统II（在DC水下操作）提供来自侧流厌氧氨氧化工艺的旋风分离溢流的富集的高活性亚硝化絮凝物，其被进料到主流以还加强体积硝化能力并促进主装置中的亚硝酸盐分流。亚硝化絮体和颗粒的生物强化将使PI能够强化现有的基础设施，并在给定的空间内实现更高的效率，同时减少氧和碳的需求。颗粒状和絮状生物质微生物种群及其生存和命运将通过分子工具，基本生物动力学测试和过程模拟模型进行跟踪。拟议的工作推进了变革性的创新生物处理方法，并对生物强化系统中铵和亚硝酸盐氧化细菌的微生物选择原则有了更深入的了解。它将是独特的结合人口动态，身份和动力学参数的颗粒和絮体的最终目标，工程师一个有效的紧凑的捷径脱氮过程。一个创新特征是通过在侧反应器中培养高活性硝化菌（颗粒/絮体）来增加体积硝化能力而不增加罐体积，然后接种主流处理以增加硝化生物质密度和体积能力。该项目通过让学生接触颗粒污泥技术来加强环境工程研究和教育的基础设施。研究结果将通过在会议上介绍的方式广泛传播。PI将通过少数民族科学和工程计划以及数学，科学，工程成就计划在K-12和本科阶段达到代表性不足的群体。该项目有着悠久的历史，将少数族裔学生带入校园，参加PI参与的教师讲座和实验室参观的扩展项目。