Nanochemical Control of Polymorphism in Transition Metal Chalcogenides

过渡金属硫属化物多晶型的纳米化学控制

• 批准号: 1607135
• 负责人: Raymond Schaak
• 金额: $ 44.5万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1607135&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nanochemical; Control; Polymorphism; Transition; Metal

NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACTMany useful and important technologies rely on materials that contain compounds formed by combining transition metals with sulfur, selenium, or tellurium. The properties of these so-called metal chalcogenides depend on their crystal structures, or the arrangements of the atoms that comprise them. Some useful metal chalcogenide systems can form several closely related crystal structures, and even small differences in how the atoms are arranged can dramatically influence their properties. Therefore, in order to control and tune the properties of metal chalcogenides, it is important to understand how to control their crystal structures. With the support of the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program, the research team is investigating chemical methods that precisely target the formation of one particular crystal structure in metal chalcogenide systems where multiple crystal structures are known. Nanoscale crystals of metal chalcogenides have unique characteristics that enable these studies, including the ability to facilitate chemical reactions that manipulate important features of their crystal structures. The knowledge gained from this project is useful for producing new materials that are relevant for applications in catalysis, electronics, and magnetism. This project is providing a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students with multi-disciplinary training in research, communication, project management, and outreach. A formal collaboration with an undergraduate research group further expands both training and research opportunities. In addition, the entire research team is engaged in the development of news clips and social media content for showcasing to the general public the diversity of materials-focused research and researchers.TECHNICAL ABSTRACTTransition metal chalcogenides comprise an important class of inorganic solids that enable a wide range of applications, particularly as nanoscale materials. Underpinning their applications is the ability to synthetically achieve precisely controlled features, including crystal structure and morphology, that directly impact properties. In this project, the research team is identifying and understanding the reaction parameters, reaction pathways, and materials characteristics that lead to the predictable and selective formation of stable and metastable metal chalcogenide polymorphs. The primary materials systems being studied include cobalt, iron, and manganese sulfides and molybdenum tellurides made using both direct synthesis methods and nanoparticle chemical transformation reactions. This new knowledge is being used to overcome significant chemical bottlenecks in the formation of several high-value materials targets for emerging applications. This project is providing a diverse group of graduate and undergraduate students with multi-disciplinary training in research, communication, project management, and outreach. The project includes a formal collaboration with an undergraduate research group and also engages students in the development of news clips and social media content for showcasing to the general public the diversity of materials-focused research and researchers.

许多有用和重要的技术依赖于含有过渡金属与硫、硒或碲结合形成的化合物的材料。这些所谓的金属硫族化合物的性质取决于它们的晶体结构或组成它们的原子的排列。一些有用的金属硫族化合物体系可以形成几种密切相关的晶体结构，即使原子排列方式的微小差异也会极大地影响它们的性质。因此，为了控制和调整金属硫族化合物的性质，了解如何控制它们的晶体结构是很重要的。在固态和材料化学项目的支持下，研究小组正在研究化学方法，精确地针对金属硫系中多种晶体结构形成的特定晶体结构。金属硫属化合物的纳米级晶体具有独特的特性，使这些研究成为可能，包括促进化学反应的能力，这些化学反应可以操纵其晶体结构的重要特征。从这个项目中获得的知识对于生产与催化、电子和磁性应用相关的新材料是有用的。该项目为研究生和本科生提供研究、交流、项目管理和外展等多学科培训。与本科研究小组的正式合作进一步扩大了培训和研究机会。此外，整个研究团队还致力于新闻剪辑和社交媒体内容的开发，以便向公众展示以材料为重点的研究和研究人员的多样性。过渡金属硫族化合物是一类重要的无机固体，具有广泛的应用，特别是作为纳米级材料。其应用的基础是能够综合实现精确控制的特征，包括直接影响性能的晶体结构和形态。在这个项目中，研究小组正在确定和了解导致可预测和选择性形成稳定和亚稳金属硫属化物多晶的反应参数，反应途径和材料特性。正在研究的主要材料体系包括钴、铁、锰硫化物和碲化钼，这些都是通过直接合成方法和纳米粒子化学转化反应制成的。这一新知识正被用于克服在新兴应用中形成几个高价值材料目标的重大化学瓶颈。该项目为研究生和本科生提供研究、交流、项目管理和外展等多学科培训。该项目包括与一个本科研究小组的正式合作，也让学生参与新闻剪辑和社交媒体内容的开发，向公众展示以材料为重点的研究和研究人员的多样性。