CIF - Small: High Resolution Computational Imaging with Motion in Spatially Varying Fields

有关散射存在下的光学信息的基本问题，更具体地说，与空间变化的电磁场中的物体运动相关的问题正在得到解决。光通过光谱提供关键信息，这在人类健康应用中至关重要，并且可以实现高分辨率成像。然而，例如，由于组织引起的随机光学散射可能会混淆感兴趣的对象。这种随机散射会产生散斑，即激光笔从粗糙表面散射时看到的光的颗粒性质。一种新的计算成像方法正在开发中，用于根据此类结构化场中的运动对隐藏物体进行成像。通过控制激光照明和精确运动，可以获得远亚波长特征信息。这种理解正在发展成为一种高分辨率计算成像方法，在各种应用中都至关重要。该项目的一个方面涉及使用物体位置上的光学散斑相关性或作为时间的函数，以潜在的波长尺度分辨率通过重散射介质或在重散射介质内进行成像。该项目的目标是将这一概念初步呈现为实用的计算成像模式。测量的激光散斑图像与示例散射介质（代表几厘米的组织）正在用于对移动物体的不同程度的理解。另一个方向是开发一种计算方法，通过在由两个或多个激光束建立的空间变化场中精确扫描样本来确定是否存在小物体。一个关键应用是确定半导体材料系统中是否存在缺陷。更一般地说，人们正在寻求基于结构照明运动的远亚波长光学成像的机会。

Basic questions about optical information in the presence of scatter, and more specifically, related to object motion in spatially varying electromagnetic fields, is being addressed. Light provides key information through spectroscopy, paramount in human health applications, and allows for high-resolution imaging. However, random optical scatter due to tissue, for example, can obfuscate an object of interest. Such random scatter produces speckle, the granular nature of light seen when a laser pointer scatters from a rough surface. A new computational imaging method is being developed to image hidden objects based on motion in such structured fields. With control over laser illumination and precise motion, far-subwavelength feature information can be obtained. This understanding is being developed into a high resolution computational imaging approach, critical in a variety of applications.One aspect of this project involves the use of optical speckle correlations over object position or as a function of time for imaging through or within a heavily scattering medium at potentially wavelength scale resolution. The goal of this project is to take the initial presentation of this concept to a practical computational imaging modality. Measured laser speckle images with example scattering media, representative of several centimeters of tissue, are being used with various levels of understanding about the moving objects. The other direction is to develop a computational method to determine if a small object is present by precisely scanning a sample in a spatially varying field established by two or more laser beams. A key application is to determine whether a defect exists in a semiconductor material system. More generally, opportunities for far-subwavelength optical imaging based on motion in structured illumination is being pursued.