EFRI NewLAW: Novel Approaches to RF Non-Reciprocity in Semiconductor Systems

EFRI NewLAW：半导体系统中射频非互易性的新方法

• 批准号: 1641100
• 负责人: Harish Krishnaswamy
• 金额: $ 200万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1641100&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EFRI; NewLAW; Novel; Approaches; RF

The explosion in wireless data usage across the world has been one of the great economic drivers of the last decade, and the global need for cheap, high-data-rate wireless access is expected to continue to grow rapidly for at least another decade. Non-reciprocal components, such as circulators and isolators, enable new wireless communication paradigms such as full-duplex wireless that are otherwise not feasible and promise to significantly enhance wireless data capacity. However, non-reciprocal components today are almost exclusively realized through the magneto-optic Faraday effect, requiring the use of ferrite materials that are expensive, bulky and incompatible with the silicon-based integrated circuit technologies that power the wireless and computing revolutions. This proposal will devise, analyze and experimentally demonstrate new multi-physics approaches based on spatio-temporal modulation that enable the breaking of reciprocity at radio frequencies (RF), and the realization of compact and low-cost RF non-reciprocal components integrated in commercial silicon-based technologies. Broadly, this research will have a direct and critical impact on the societal need for enhanced access to wireless data by expanding the range of accessible RF spectrum, enabling new schemes for more efficiently sharing existing spectrum, and reducing the size and cost of nonreciprocal components, making wireless devices accessible to a larger portion of the population. In terms of outreach, this project will also provide opportunities for the education and engagement of students across the educational continuum from kindergarten through graduate school (K-12, undergraduate and graduate), leveraging existing programs at Columbia and Cornell, in collaboration with the Liberty Science Center in NYC and a number of coordinated outreach and diversity programs.Recent research has revealed that introducing time variance into a material or system enables the breaking of reciprocity. While there are no fundamental performance limits associated with time-varying non-reciprocal systems and components, existing spatio-temporal modulation approaches for the realization of non-reciprocal components such as circulators have been fraught with challenges in insertion loss, size or linearity. While traditional spatio-temporal modulation approaches have relied on the variation of permittivity in dielectric media, the key insight in this proposal is the fact that semiconductor systems offer another material property that can be more powerfully modulated ? namely conductivity. Based on this insight, this project will pursue various multi-physics approaches to achieve non-magnetic RF non- reciprocity in silicon-based integrated circuit technologies. Blending electronics with acoustics and optics in an integrated setting, this project will demonstrate high-performance non-reciprocal circulators and isolators at RF, millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies. This project will also investigate synthetic RF media supporting topologically protected non-reciprocal modes of propagation from both a theoretical (i.e. mathematical) and experimental perspective, with applications in non-reciprocal antenna interfaces for emerging wireless communication paradigms such as large-scaled phased arrays and massive Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems.

全球无线数据使用的爆炸式增长是过去十年中最大的经济驱动力之一，预计全球对廉价、高数据速率无线接入的需求将在未来至少十年内继续快速增长。诸如循环器和隔离器之类的非互易组件实现了诸如全双工无线之类的新的无线通信范例，这些新的无线通信范例在其他方面是不可行的，并且有望显著增强无线数据容量。然而，今天的非互易组件几乎完全通过磁光法拉第效应来实现，这需要使用昂贵、体积庞大且与为无线和计算革命提供动力的硅基集成电路技术不兼容的铁氧体材料。该提案将设计，分析和实验演示基于时空调制的新的多物理方法，这些方法能够打破射频（RF）的互易性，并实现集成在商业硅基技术中的紧凑和低成本RF非互易组件。从广义上讲，这项研究将通过扩大可访问的RF频谱范围，实现更有效地共享现有频谱的新方案，并减少非互易组件的大小和成本，使无线设备可访问更大部分人口，从而对增强无线数据访问的社会需求产生直接和关键的影响。在外联方面，该项目还将为从幼儿园到研究生院的整个教育过程中的学生提供教育和参与机会（K-12，本科生和研究生），利用哥伦比亚和康奈尔大学的现有课程，与纽约市自由科学中心和一些协调的外展和多样性计划合作。最近的研究表明，将时间差异引入到一个材料或系统能够打破互易性。虽然不存在与时变非互易系统和组件相关联的基本性能限制，但是用于实现诸如循环器的非互易组件的现有时空调制方法在插入损耗、尺寸或线性度方面充满了挑战。虽然传统的时空调制方法依赖于介电介质中介电常数的变化，但该提案的关键见解是，半导体系统提供了另一种可以更有力地调制的材料特性。即电导率。基于这一认识，本项目将寻求各种多物理方法，以实现硅基集成电路技术中的非磁性RF非互易性。该项目将电子器件与声学和光学器件融合在一个集成环境中，将展示RF、毫米波和太赫兹频率的高性能非互易环行器和隔离器。该项目还将从理论（即数学）和实验角度研究支持拓扑保护的非互易传播模式的合成RF介质，并将其应用于新兴无线通信范例的非互易天线接口，如大型相控阵和大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）系统。

项目成果

COSMOS educational toolkit: using experimental wireless networking to enhance middle/high school STEM education

COSMOS 教育工具包：使用实验性无线网络增强初中/高中 STEM 教育

• DOI: 10.1145/3431832.3431839
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Skrimponis, Panagiotis;Makris, Nikos;Rajguru, Sheila Borges;Cheng, Karen;Ostrometzky, Jonatan;Ford, Emily;Kostic, Zoran;Zussman, Gil;Korakis, Thanasis
• 通讯作者: Korakis, Thanasis

RFIC Inductorless, Widely-Tunable N-Path Shekel Circulators Based on Harmonic Engineering

基于谐波工程的 RFIC 无电感、宽可调 N 路径 Shekel 环行器

• DOI: 10.1109/rfic49505.2020.9218390
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: 2020 IEEE RFIC Symposium
• 作者: Reiskarimian, Negar;Khorshidian, Mohammad;Krishnaswamy, Harish
• 通讯作者: Krishnaswamy, Harish

Millimeter-wave full-duplex wireless: Applications, antenna interfaces and systems

• DOI: 10.1109/cicc.2017.7993663
• 发表时间: 2017-04
• 期刊: 2017 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)
• 作者: T. Dinc;H. Krishnaswamy

Acoustoelectric amplification of surface acoustic waves on ZnO deposited on AlGaN/GaN Epi

AlGaN/GaN Epi 上沉积的 ZnO 表面声波的声电放大

• DOI: 10.1109/drc.2017.7999456
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: 2017 75th Annual
• 作者: Bahamonde, Jose A.;Colon, Aida R.;Krishnaswamy, Harish;Kymissis, Ioannis
• 通讯作者: Kymissis, Ioannis

17.2 A 28GHz magnetic-free non-reciprocal passive CMOS circulator based on spatio-temporal conductance modulation

• DOI: 10.1109/isscc.2017.7870377
• 发表时间: 2017-02
• 期刊: 2017 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)
• 作者: T. Dinc;H. Krishnaswamy