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CAREER: Biomimetic Macromolecules at the Materials-Microbe Interface

职业：材料-微生物界面的仿生大分子

基本信息

批准号：
1653418
负责人：
Edmund Palermo
金额：
$ 53.92万
依托单位：
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-02-15 至 2024-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1653418&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Biomimetic Macromolecules Materials Microbe

项目摘要

NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACTThe overarching theme of the PI?s research program is to capture the essential design features of naturally occurring biological materials in order to rationally design and precisely tune the structure and properties of novel man-made materials, a process known as ?biomimicry?. In particular, this project is designed to enable human control over the interaction between plastics and harmful bacteria ? towards the creation of surface coatings that kill germs on contact and prevent the accumulation of biological sludge on surfaces. The new materials created in this work are important candidates for a broad range of practical applications, including self-cleaning ship hull coatings to reduce drag, pipe-flow inner linings to prevent biologically-induced corrosion, and urinary catheter devices that can prevent device-associated infections in the hospital setting. Undergraduate and graduate students will be trained in a highly multidisciplinary environment encompassing synthetic polymer chemistry, biophysics, and materials science. In order to broaden participation in STEM disciplines, this project encompasses a strong education and outreach component at the K-12 level with an emphasis on under-represented students. The PI has created a program for middle school and high school students to visit campus, learn concepts in biology and materials science, and to share their knowledge with friends and family using their favorite social media outlets.TECHNICAL ABSTRACTBiofilm formation on surfaces in aqueous environments remains a notoriously intractable problem with dramatically negative implications across a broad range of sectors, from ship hull coatings to indwelling biomedical devices. In this project, the PI and his team will develop self-immolative polymer coatings that exert on-contact bactericidal activity and undergo triggered depolymerization specifically in response to enzymatic activity expressed extracellularly within the biofilm matrix. The students will synthesize functionalized poly(benzyl ether)s containing bactericidal cationic side chains and enzyme-labile end groups. Surfaces coatings composed of these new materials will be screened for bactericidal activity, toxicity to human cells, and their degradation response to a range of biofilm-associated enzymatic stimuli. In the final stage, surface coatings will be evaluated for their effectiveness in prevented biofilm formation both in the laboratory-grown and environmental settings. Students will be trained in a highly multidisciplinary environment encompassing synthetic polymer chemistry, biophysics, and materials science. They will pave the way for new avenues in biomimetic materials science, deepen our understanding of the materials-microbe interface, and generate prototype technologies of enormous commercial and industrial importance. The research dovetails with educational outreach activities that will broaden participation from female and minority students at the middle school and high school levels, fostering passion for science and communication of science to the general public.

非技术摘要 PI 研究计划的首要主题是捕捉天然生物材料的基本设计特征，以便合理设计和精确调整新型人造材料的结构和性能，这一过程称为“仿生学”。特别是，该项目旨在使人类能够控制塑料和有害细菌之间的相互作用？致力于创建表面涂层，杀死接触时的细菌并防止生物污泥在表面积聚。这项工作中创造的新材料是广泛实际应用的重要候选材料，包括减少阻力的自清洁船体涂层、防止生物引起的腐蚀的管流内衬，以及可以预防医院环境中与设备相关的感染的导尿管装置。本科生和研究生将在包括合成高分子化学、生物物理学和材料科学的高度多学科环境中接受培训。为了扩大对 STEM 学科的参与，该项目在 K-12 级别包含强大的教育和外展内容，重点关注代表性不足的学生。该项目负责人为中学生和高中生创建了一个项目，让他们参观校园，学习生物学和材料科学的概念，并使用他们最喜欢的社交媒体与朋友和家人分享他们的知识。技术摘要水环境中表面生物膜的形成仍然是一个众所周知的棘手问题，对从船体涂层到留置生物医学设备等广泛领域产生了巨大的负面影响。在这个项目中，首席研究员和他的团队将开发自焚聚合物涂层，该涂层发挥接触杀菌活性，并专门响应生物膜基质内细胞外表达的酶活性而发生触发解聚。学生将合成含有杀菌阳离子侧链和酶不稳定端基的功能化聚（苄基醚）。将筛选由这些新材料组成的表面涂层的杀菌活性、对人体细胞的毒性及其对一系列生物膜相关酶刺激的降解反应。在最后阶段，将评估表面涂层在实验室生长和环境环境中防止生物膜形成的有效性。学生将在包括合成高分子化学、生物物理学和材料科学的高度多学科环境中接受培训。它们将为仿生材料科学的新途径铺平道路，加深我们对材料-微生物界面的理解，并产生具有巨大商业和工业重要性的原型技术。该研究与教育推广活动相结合，将扩大初中和高中阶段女性和少数族裔学生的参与，培养对科学的热情以及向公众传播科学。