EAGER: TDM solar cells: Next generation perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells

摘要非技术性：在这项合作研究工作中，PI将联合收割机结合他们在钙钛矿太阳能电池和可销售的硅太阳能电池方面的工作，以生产具有商业潜力的高效串联设备。多学科研究团队将电子和光子材料设计和先进应用工艺以及无机功能材料的设计，合成和表征方面的专业知识与高效，低成本晶体硅电池的研究，开发和制造方面的专业知识结合起来。该研究计划将导致下一代光伏发电，这将允许钙钛矿-硅单片串联太阳能电池的稳健制造，适用于广泛的工业规模制造能量收集模块。预计与串联光伏器件相关的材料和制造协议将有助于实现该技术的广泛实施。因此，这项研究将对能源部门产生重大影响，并实现将纳米技术的潜在利益带给整个社会以及日常能源消费者的目标。总的来说，这项研究的结果将作出重大贡献，科学界和提供一个知识和实验框架，为未来的调查串联装置的广泛应用的创新纳米技术。低成本、无处不在、环境可持续、高效的串联太阳能电池预计将为医疗保健、环境质量、能源和安全等行业带来变革。除了提供获得可持续的，高效的，能量收集设备，目前的项目提供了机会，研究和教育的社会意义的技术相结合。参与者将受益于该计划的多学科，协作性质;所有人都将在多个领域进行交叉培训，通过相关的额外合作进一步扩大他们的知识和经验。学生将在一个促进对成功所需项目的各个方面的理解的环境中成长。研究人员保持着长期的坚定承诺，以扩大对科学和工程的参与，并为社区服务。技术：这项研究工作的目标是开发效率超过30%的下一代钙钛矿-硅叠层太阳能电池。探索性研究将集中在两个关键方面：i）制造高效率，半透明的顶部金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池和底部硅太阳能电池; ii）子电池之间的高效互连层的工程设计，以实现效率大于30%的单片串联。金属卤化物钙钛矿与硅等市售太阳能电池的集成为显着升级器件和模块性能提供了机会。此外，金属卤化物钙钛矿的溶液可加工性为现有制造单元的升级提供了成本有效的选择。通过此次合作，将解决与AMX 3铅基钙钛矿-硅单片串联太阳能电池相关的最关键问题，这些问题阻碍了它们实现理论预测的效率。具体来说，这项研究将i）开发材料和工艺，允许在钙钛矿薄膜太阳能电池上沉积透明导电电极，同时保持高效率，ii）设计子电池之间的透明互连电连接。研究团队将确定变革性的、实用的材料工程方法来解决这两个关键问题。这里开发的材料和制造协议将使钙钛矿与现有的硅太阳能电池技术集成，并促进钙钛矿-硅叠层太阳能电池技术的广泛商业化和实施。

Abstract Nontechnical: In this collaborative research effort, the PIs will combine their work on perovskite solar cells and marketable silicon solar cells, to produce a high efficiency tandem device with the potential to be available commercially. The multidisciplinary research team couples expertise in the design of electronic and photonic materials and processes for advanced applications and the design, synthesis and characterization of inorganic functional materials, with expertise in the research, development and manufacturing of high-efficiency, low-cost crystalline silicon cells. The research initiative will lead to the next generation photovoltaic that will allow for the robust fabrication of perovskite-silicon monolithic tandem solar cells, applicable for use in widespread industrial-scale manufacturing of energy harvesting modules. It is expected that the materials and fabrication protocols associated with the tandem photovoltaic devices will help enable widespread implementation of the technologies. Thus, this research will have substantial influence on the energy sector and achieve the goal of bringing the potential benefits of nanotechnology to society in general, as well as the everyday energy consumer. Overall, the results of this research will make a significant contribution to the scientific community and provide an intellectual and experimental framework for future investigations into tandem devices for the widespread application of innovations in nanotechnology. Low-cost, ubiquitous, environmentally sustainable, high-efficiency, tandem solar cells are expected to be transformational for industries ranging from healthcare, environmental quality, energy and security. In addition to providing access to sustainable, high-efficiency, energy harvesting devices, the current project provides opportunities for the integration of research and education in technologies of societal significance. Participants will benefit from the multidisciplinary, collaborative nature of the program; all will be cross-trained in multiple areas to further expand their knowledge and experience through relevant additional collaborations. Students will grow in an environment that promotes an understanding of all aspects of the project necessary for success. The investigators maintain strong and long-running commitments to broadened participation in science and engineering, and to serving the community.Technical: This research effort aims to develop the next generation perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells with efficiencies exceeding 30%. Exploratory research will focus on two critical aspects: i) fabrication of high efficiency, semi-transparent top metal-halide perovskite solar cells and bottom silicon solar cells; and ii) engineering of highly effective interconnecting layers between sub-cells to achieve monolithic tandems with efficiencies greater than 30%. Integration of metal-halide perovskites in tandem with commercially available solar cells, such as silicon, provides opportunities to significantly upgrade device and module performance. Further, the solution processability of metal-halide perovskites offers a cost effective option for upgrades to existing manufactured units. Through this collaboration, the most critical issues associated with AMX3 lead based perovskite-silicon monolithic tandem solar cells which prevent their achieving theoretically predicted efficiencies will be addressed. Specifically, this research will i) develop the materials and processes that will allow deposition of transparent conducting electrodes on perovskite thin film solar cells while maintaining high efficiencies and ii) engineer a transparent interconnecting electrical connection between the sub cells. The research team will identify transformative, practical materials engineering approaches to resolve both these key problems. The materials and fabrication protocols developed here will enable integration of perovskites with existing silicon solar cell technologies and facilitate the widespread commercialization and implementation of perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell technologies.