Arctic Observing Network: Continuing the Beaufort Gyre Observing System in 2018-2021 to Document and Enhance Understanding of Arctic Freshwater Transformations and Fate

北极观测网络：2018-2021年继续波弗特环流观测系统，记录并加深对北极淡水变化和命运的理解

• 批准号: 1719280
• 负责人: Andrey Proshutinsky
• 金额: $ 157.93万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2020-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1719280&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Arctic; Observing; Network; Continuing; Beaufort

The western part of the Arctic Ocean contains a large amount of freshwater (more than 23,000 cubic kilometers which is comparable with the volume of fresh water stored in all the Great Lakes). Our project uses samples from ships and moored instruments to study the mechanisms controlling the amount of freshwater and other ocean properties in the western Arctic Ocean under different climate conditions. Changes in the western Arctic system are driven by changes in the Arctic and global climate systems while at the same time they are strong enough to influence both the weather and climate in the Northern Hemisphere. What we learn on this project will allow us to predict changes in the Arctic Ocean and is important for oil and gas exploration, shipping, navigation, tourism, and military operations.This Arctic Observing Network project will continue for 2018-2019 the Beaufort Gyre Observing System operations begun in 2003 designed to document the unprecedented changes in sea ice and ocean parameters that are presently occurring in the region. We will continue measuring time series of temperature, salinity, currents, geochemical tracers, sea ice draft, and sea level using bottom-anchored moorings and shipboard measurements. Ship-based synoptic sampling covering the Beaufort Gyre will take place during the summer of 2018 in collaboration with scientists from Canada and Japan, with shared logistic expenses, to augment the year-round mooring measurements. Temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, barium, and 18O will continue to be measured at standard locations along sections at 140°W and 150°W longitudes, and ~75°N and ~78°N latitudes using a shipboard CTD/rosette to continue the long-term time series started in 2003. Samples that provide information on longer time-scales, such as CFCs and carbon tetrachloride, alkalinity, total CO2, dissolved inorganic carbon, and tritium/3He, will be collected less frequently. Expendable CTDs that profile to 1100 m depth will be used between CTD/rosette casts to increase spatial resolution of the temperature and salinity fields. The project will be coordinated with other elements of the National Science Foundation?s Arctic Observing Network to enhance effectiveness and interconnections of observational activities, and the field program will continue to accommodate other National Science foundation- funded projects when possible. Data will be available on the project website and at the National Science Foundation's Arctic Data Center.

北冰洋西部有大量淡水（超过23，000立方千米，相当于所有五大湖的淡水储量）。我们的项目使用来自船舶和系泊仪器的样本，研究在不同气候条件下控制北冰洋西部淡水量和其他海洋特性的机制。北极西部系统的变化是由北极和全球气候系统的变化驱动的，同时这些变化足以影响北方的天气和气候。我们在这个项目上学到的东西将使我们能够预测北冰洋的变化，对石油和天然气勘探，航运，导航，旅游，和军事行动。这个北极观测网络项目将持续到2018年-2019年，博福特环流观测系统于2003年开始运行，旨在记录目前正在发生的海冰和海洋参数的前所未有的变化。地区我们将继续使用底锚系泊和船上测量来测量温度、盐度、海流、地球化学示踪剂、海冰吃水和海平面的时间序列。覆盖博福特环流的船基天气采样将于2018年夏季与加拿大和日本的科学家合作进行，分担后勤费用，以增加全年的系泊测量。温度、盐度、氧气、营养物、钡和18 O将继续在沿着140°W和150°W的剖面以及~75°N和~78°N纬度的标准位置使用船上CTD/玫瑰花测量，以继续2003年开始的长期时间序列。提供较长时间尺度信息的样品，如氟氯化碳和四氯化碳、碱度、总CO2、溶解无机碳和氚/3 He，将不经常收集。将在CTD/玫瑰花形模型之间使用一次性CTD，其剖面深度为1 100 m，以提高温度场和盐度场的空间分辨率。该项目将与国家科学基金会的其他组成部分协调。北极观测网络，以提高观测活动的有效性和相互联系，该领域的计划将继续容纳其他国家科学基金会资助的项目，如果可能的话。数据将在项目网站和国家科学基金会的北极数据中心提供。

项目成果

Inorganic Carbon and p CO 2 Variability During Ice Formation in the Beaufort Gyre of the Canada Basin

加拿大盆地波弗特环流冰形成过程中无机碳和 p CO 2 的变化

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015109
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: DeGrandpre, Michael D.;Lai, Chun‐Ze;Timmermans, Mary‐Louise;Krishfield, Richard A.;Proshutinsky, Andrey;Torres, Daniel
• 通讯作者: Torres, Daniel

Variations in Rates of Biological Production in the Beaufort Gyre as the Arctic Changes: Rates From 2011 to 2016

• DOI: 10.1029/2018jc014805
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Brenda Y. Ji;Z. Sandwith;W. Williams;O. Diaconescu;R. Ji;Yun Li;Emma Van Scoy;M. Yamamoto‐Kawai;S. Zimmermann;R. Stanley

Topographic Rossby Waves in the Arctic Ocean's Beaufort Gyre

• DOI: 10.1029/2018jc014233
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Bowen Zhao;M. Timmermans

Role of Greenland Freshwater Anomaly in the Recent Freshening of the Subpolar North Atlantic

• DOI: 10.1029/2018jc014686
• 发表时间: 2019-05-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Dukhovskoy, D. S.;Yashayaev, I.;Tedstone, A. J.
• 通讯作者: Tedstone, A. J.

On the Origin of Water Masses in the Beaufort Gyre

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jc015022
• 发表时间: 2019-07-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Kelly, S. J.;Proshutinsky, A.;Yool, A.
• 通讯作者: Yool, A.