Collaborative Research: Residual Stress Preserved in Crystals from Volcanic Eruptions
合作研究:火山喷发晶体中保存的残余应力
基本信息
- 批准号:1724469
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 13.09万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-08-01 至 2023-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Volcanic eruptions transport magma from reservoirs deep underground to the surface through conduits. Because volcanic processes occur underground, or are very dangerous to approach, many key aspects of volcanic eruptions are difficult to study with direct observations. Here, a new technology called synchrotron X-ray micro diffraction (microXRD) will be used to document deformation preserved in crystals that were transported within volcanic eruptions. The microXRD technique measures the amount of strain and preserved stress in the crystal lattice of those crystals. Volcanic stresses are important because they control eruption processes, including magma movement and explosivity. The first step to interpreting residual stress is to identify the specific processes that strain volcanic crystals. To this end, volcanic simulation experiments will be performed to deform crystals. MicroXRD will be used to analyze the experimental products and then compare results with natural crystals. This set of experiments and measurements will address the "How" and "Why" of volcanic eruptions. The standards and techniques developed in this project will enable application of microXRD to other disciplines, including Tectonics, Meteoritics, and Materials Science. The forces that act on magmas control volcanic processes. Consequently, crystals from volcanic eruptions are strained in the magma chamber, conduit, and during emplacement. Synchrotron X-ray micro diffraction (microXRD) will be used to quantify the magnitude of those strains by analyzing crystal lattice deformation with submicron spatial resolution on a suite of quartz, magnetite, and zircon crystals from the Long Valley and Yellowstone calderas. Measuring the magnitude of strains and using microstructure maps across crystals will reveal how strain is produced and preserved in crystals. Next, the preserved strains will be translated to causal stresses using the elastic constants of the mineral and Hooke's law. The goal is to quantify volcanic stresses in different volcanic environments and assess the forces and the time scales over which those forces act. MicroXRD has exceptional potential as an emerging technology in the geological sciences, but there is limited physical and theoretical infrastructure to interpret datasets. For this reason, high-temperature experiments will be performed to simulate stresses in volcanic environments using unstrained synthetic crystals, and assess the preservation of stress in strained natural crystals. Experimental products will be analyzed by microXRD and used to identify and/or eliminate sources of deformation.
火山喷发通过管道将岩浆从地下深处的水库输送到地表。 由于火山过程发生在地下,或者接近非常危险,火山爆发的许多关键方面很难通过直接观察进行研究。在这里,一种名为同步加速器X射线微衍射(microXRD)的新技术将用于记录火山爆发中运输的晶体中保存的变形。microXRD技术测量这些晶体的晶格中的应变量和保留应力。火山应力很重要,因为它们控制着喷发过程,包括岩浆运动和爆炸性。解释残余应力的第一步是确定使火山晶体产生应变的特定过程。为此,将进行火山模拟实验,使晶体变形。MicroXRD将用于分析实验产物,然后将结果与天然晶体进行比较。这组实验和测量将解决火山爆发的“如何”和“为什么”。该项目开发的标准和技术将使microXRD应用于其他学科,包括构造学,陨石学和材料科学。 作用在岩浆上的力控制着火山的过程。因此,来自火山爆发的晶体在岩浆房、管道和侵位过程中受到应变。同步加速器X射线微衍射(microXRD)将被用来量化这些应变的大小,通过分析晶格变形与亚微米空间分辨率的一套石英,磁铁矿,锆石晶体从长谷和黄石火山口。测量应变的大小并使用晶体的微观结构图将揭示应变如何在晶体中产生和保持。接下来,使用矿物的弹性常数和胡克定律将保留的应变转换为因果应力。其目标是量化不同火山环境中的火山应力,并评估这些力作用的力量和时间尺度。MicroXRD作为地质科学中的新兴技术具有非凡的潜力,但解释数据集的物理和理论基础设施有限。为此,将进行高温实验,使用未应变的合成晶体模拟火山环境中的应力,并评估应变天然晶体中的应力保持情况。实验产品将通过microXRD进行分析,并用于识别和/或消除变形源。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Volcanoes Erupt Stressed Quartz Crystals
- DOI:10.1029/2019gl083619
- 发表时间:2019-07
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:K. Befus;M. Manga;C. Stan;N. Tamura
- 通讯作者:K. Befus;M. Manga;C. Stan;N. Tamura
Multiscale Digital Porous Rock Reconstruction Using Template Matching
- DOI:10.1029/2019wr025219
- 发表时间:2019-08-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.4
- 作者:Lin, W.;Li, X.;Wang, X.
- 通讯作者:Wang, X.
Supereruption quartz crystals and the hollow reentrants
超级喷发石英晶体和空心折返体
- DOI:10.1130/g46275.1
- 发表时间:2019
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.8
- 作者:Befus, Kenneth S.;Manga, Michael
- 通讯作者:Manga, Michael
Microlite orientation in obsidian flow measured by synchrotron X-ray diffraction
通过同步加速器 X 射线衍射测量黑曜石流中的微晶石方向
- DOI:10.1007/s00410-018-1479-9
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
- 作者:Manga, Michael;Voltolini, Marco;Wenk, Hans-Rudolf
- 通讯作者:Wenk, Hans-Rudolf
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Michael Manga其他文献
Exposed columns in the Valles Caldera ignimbrites as records of hydrothermal cooling, Jemez Mountains, New Mexico, USA
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107536 - 发表时间:
2022-06-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Stephen Self;Noah Randolph-Flagg;John E. Bailey;Michael Manga - 通讯作者:
Michael Manga
A gas-tight shock tube apparatus for laboratory volcanic lightning under varying atmospheric conditions
用于不同大气条件下实验室火山闪电的气密激波管装置
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
∗. ChristinaSpringsklee;B. Scheu;Christoph Seifert;Michael Manga;C. Cimarelli;Damian Gaudin;Oliver Trapp;Donald Bruce Dingwell - 通讯作者:
Donald Bruce Dingwell
Fracture penetration in planetary ice shells
- DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2008.10.010 - 发表时间:
2009-02-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Maxwell L. Rudolph;Michael Manga - 通讯作者:
Michael Manga
Strike-slip fault patterns on Europa: Obliquity or polar wander?
- DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.002 - 发表时间:
2011-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Alyssa Rose Rhoden;Terry A. Hurford;Michael Manga - 通讯作者:
Michael Manga
The challenges of driving Charon's cryovolcanism from a freezing ocean
- DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2022.115391 - 发表时间:
2023-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Alyssa Rose Rhoden;Maxwell L. Rudolph;Michael Manga - 通讯作者:
Michael Manga
Michael Manga的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Michael Manga', 18)}}的其他基金
Particle clustering in dilute pyroclastic density currents and plumes
稀火山碎屑密度流和羽流中的颗粒聚集
- 批准号:
2042173 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Subsurface plumbing, tremor migration, and eruption cycle of Yellowstone Geysers
合作研究:黄石间歇泉的地下管道、震颤迁移和喷发周期
- 批准号:
2116573 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
EAGER Collaborative Research: Testing a new sensor for short term and long term measurement of heat flow in lakes
EAGER 协作研究:测试用于短期和长期测量湖泊热流的新传感器
- 批准号:
2041397 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Exploring the Magmatic, Crustal, and Conduit Conditions Required for Mafic, Plinian Volcanism
合作研究:探索镁铁质、普林尼式火山活动所需的岩浆、地壳和管道条件
- 批准号:
1831213 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
ABR: Field, Laboratory, and Numerical Studies of Geyser Eruptions
ABR:间歇泉喷发的现场、实验室和数值研究
- 批准号:
1724986 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Flood volcanism and environmental impacts -- A multidisciplinary investigation of the Deccan Traps and events at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary
合作研究:洪水火山活动和环境影响——对德干地盾和白垩纪-古近纪边界事件的多学科调查
- 批准号:
1615203 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Proposal: Experimental Studies of Dilute Pyroclastic Density Currents
合作提案:稀火山碎屑密度流的实验研究
- 批准号:
1447559 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
RAPID: Hydrological responses to the August, 2014, Napa earthquake
RAPID:2014 年 8 月纳帕地震的水文响应
- 批准号:
1463997 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative research: Origin of hydrologic responses to earthquakes: constraints from New Zealand, Taiwan, Chile, and USA
合作研究:地震水文响应的起源:新西兰、台湾、智利和美国的限制
- 批准号:
1344424 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: ABR: Multiscale Dynamics in Explosive Volcanic Eruptions
合作研究:ABR:火山喷发的多尺度动力学
- 批准号:
1144198 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 13.09万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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