Collaborative Research: Residual Stress Preserved in Crystals from Volcanic Eruptions
Collaborative Research: Residual Stress Preserved in Crystals from Volcanic Eruptions
批准号:
1724469
负责人:
Michael Manga
金额:
$13.09万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
Standard Grant
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-08-01 至 2023-06-30
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Volcanic eruptions transport magma from reservoirs deep underground to the surface through conduits. Because volcanic processes occur underground, or are very dangerous to approach, many key aspects of volcanic eruptions are difficult to study with direct observations. Here, a new technology called synchrotron X-ray micro diffraction (microXRD) will be used to document deformation preserved in crystals that were transported within volcanic eruptions. The microXRD technique measures the amount of strain and preserved stress in the crystal lattice of those crystals. Volcanic stresses are important because they control eruption processes, including magma movement and explosivity. The first step to interpreting residual stress is to identify the specific processes that strain volcanic crystals. To this end, volcanic simulation experiments will be performed to deform crystals. MicroXRD will be used to analyze the experimental products and then compare results with natural crystals. This set of experiments and measurements will address the "How" and "Why" of volcanic eruptions. The standards and techniques developed in this project will enable application of microXRD to other disciplines, including Tectonics, Meteoritics, and Materials Science. The forces that act on magmas control volcanic processes. Consequently, crystals from volcanic eruptions are strained in the magma chamber, conduit, and during emplacement. Synchrotron X-ray micro diffraction (microXRD) will be used to quantify the magnitude of those strains by analyzing crystal lattice deformation with submicron spatial resolution on a suite of quartz, magnetite, and zircon crystals from the Long Valley and Yellowstone calderas. Measuring the magnitude of strains and using microstructure maps across crystals will reveal how strain is produced and preserved in crystals. Next, the preserved strains will be translated to causal stresses using the elastic constants of the mineral and Hooke's law. The goal is to quantify volcanic stresses in different volcanic environments and assess the forces and the time scales over which those forces act. MicroXRD has exceptional potential as an emerging technology in the geological sciences, but there is limited physical and theoretical infrastructure to interpret datasets. For this reason, high-temperature experiments will be performed to simulate stresses in volcanic environments using unstrained synthetic crystals, and assess the preservation of stress in strained natural crystals. Experimental products will be analyzed by microXRD and used to identify and/or eliminate sources of deformation.
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DOI:
10.1029/2019gl083619
发表时间:
2019-07
期刊:
Geophysical Research Letters
影响因子:
5.2
作者:
[K. Befus;M. Manga;C. Stan;N. Tamura]
通讯作者:
K. Befus;M. Manga;C. Stan;N. Tamura
DOI:
10.1029/2019wr025219
发表时间:
2019-08-01
期刊:
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
影响因子:
5.4
作者:
[Lin, W., Li, X., Wang, X.]
通讯作者:
Wang, X.
Supereruption quartz crystals and the hollow reentrants
超级喷发石英晶体和空心折返体
DOI:
10.1130/g46275.1
发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Geology
影响因子:
5.8
作者:
[Befus, Kenneth S., Manga, Michael]
通讯作者:
Manga, Michael
Microlite orientation in obsidian flow measured by synchrotron X-ray diffraction
通过同步加速器 X 射线衍射测量黑曜石流中的微晶石方向
DOI:
10.1007/s00410-018-1479-9
发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
影响因子:
3.5
作者:
[Manga, Michael, Voltolini, Marco, Wenk, Hans-Rudolf]
通讯作者:
Wenk, Hans-Rudolf
Particle clustering in dilute pyroclastic density currents and plumes
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批准号:2042173
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$32.42万
-
财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Subsurface plumbing, tremor migration, and eruption cycle of Yellowstone Geysers
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批准号:2116573
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项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$26.06万
-
财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
EAGER Collaborative Research: Testing a new sensor for short term and long term measurement of heat flow in lakes
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批准号:2041397
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$1.0万
-
财政年份:2020
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负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Exploring the Magmatic, Crustal, and Conduit Conditions Required for Mafic, Plinian Volcanism
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批准号:1831213
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$3.5万
-
财政年份:2018
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
ABR: Field, Laboratory, and Numerical Studies of Geyser Eruptions
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批准号:1724986
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项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$26.42万
-
财政年份:2017
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Flood volcanism and environmental impacts -- A multidisciplinary investigation of the Deccan Traps and events at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary
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批准号:1615203
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$97.61万
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财政年份:2016
-
负责人:Michael Manga
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依托单位:
Collaborative Proposal: Experimental Studies of Dilute Pyroclastic Density Currents
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批准号:1447559
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$23.21万
-
财政年份:2015
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
RAPID: Hydrological responses to the August, 2014, Napa earthquake
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批准号:1463997
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$1.83万
-
财政年份:2015
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Collaborative research: Origin of hydrologic responses to earthquakes: constraints from New Zealand, Taiwan, Chile, and USA
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批准号:1344424
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$29.56万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: ABR: Multiscale Dynamics in Explosive Volcanic Eruptions
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批准号:1144198
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$18.0万
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财政年份:2012
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负责人:Michael Manga
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依托单位:
Field, Laboratory, and Numerical Studies of Geyser Eruptions
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批准号:1114184
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项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$29.71万
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财政年份:2011
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负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: The Dynamics of Rhyolite Lava Eruption and Emplacement Inferred from Micro-Textures, Decompression Experiments, and Numerical Modeling
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批准号:1049662
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$9.87万
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财政年份:2011
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负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Origin of hydrologic responses to earthquakes: constraints from the response of the Alum Rock Springs to the 2007 Alum Rock earthquake
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批准号:0909701
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$24.54万
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财政年份:2009
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负责人:Michael Manga
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依托单位:
CSEDI: Melt stability and dynamics in the deep Earth
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批准号:0855737
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项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$25.01万
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财政年份:2009
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Multi-scale Dynamics in Explosive Volcanic Eruptions
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批准号:0809564
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$15.43万
-
财政年份:2008
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
SGER: Response of Alum Rock springs to the magnitude 5.6 Alum Rock earthquake on October 30, 2007
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批准号:0808845
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$1.0万
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财政年份:2008
-
负责人:Michael Manga
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依托单位:
Physical Properties of Bubble- and Crystal-Bearing Melts and their Implications for Eruption Dynamics: Theoretical, Experimental and Field-Based Studies
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批准号:0608885
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$17.38万
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财政年份:2006
-
负责人:Michael Manga
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依托单位:
Rapid Decompression of Bubble-Bearing Magma and Implications for Eruption Style and Explosive Potential: An Experimental Study With Analogue Fluids
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批准号:0439765
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项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$0.0万
-
财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
CSEDI Collaborative Research: Investigating the Relationship Between Plume Dynamics and ULVZ Geometry
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批准号:0456352
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项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
ABR: Experimental Studies of Thermo-Chemical Convection in the Mantles of Terrestrial Planets
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批准号:0439766
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$23.39万
-
财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Michael Manga
-
依托单位:
国内基金
海外基金
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