EAGER Collaborative Research: Testing a new sensor for short term and long term measurement of heat flow in lakes

该项目将开发一种新的探测器来测量湖泊下方地面的热量。该探测器将通过以下方式克服目前的局限性：（1）实现可视化选址，使研究人员知道探测器在湖底环境中的位置和如何放置，并精确定位重要的湖底特征，如气体渗漏和化能合成群落，（2）提供实时数据以评估数据质量和现场评估，以及（3）监测可能由湖泊温度变化引起的温度随时间的变化。探测器将在加州的莫诺湖进行部署和测试。莫诺湖是该地区最年轻的火山爆发地。 然而，目前还没有在湖中进行热流测量，以限制最近的火山活动和火山灾害。测量结果可能揭示连接地下和地球表面火山爆发的岩浆体的范围。该项目将纳入一个夏季实地夏令营，以便20名学生能够参加测量活动和数据解释。该项目提供了一个机会，以测试新的仪器，这将是有用的，在广泛的设置。原型地球物理探测器，称为LTMP（湖泊热监测探测器），由一个紧凑的（1-3米长），重量轻（20公斤），相机安装李斯特型热流探测器设计的部署只有两个人在一个小的（~5米）船舶在湖底。该探测器将被设计为提供用于选址的实时湖底视频，以及长达一年的实时地下温度监测，并将数据连续传回给研究人员。如果新探测器工作，它将提供一种新的高分辨率工具，用于测量火山口湖等复杂地质环境中的热流和流体流动变化，揭示湖泊下方的热流如何与其他地质系统和灾害（例如，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project will develop a new probe to measure the amount of heat coming out of the ground beneath lakes. The probe will overcome current limitations by (1) enabling visual site selection so that researchers know where and how the probe is placed in the lake floor environment and pin-point important lake floor features such as gas seeps and chemosynthetic communities, (2) providing real-time data to assess data quality and site evaluation, and (3) monitoring temperature changes over time that might arise from changes in lake temperature. The probe will be deployed and tested in Mono Lake, California. Mono Lake has hosted the youngest volcanic eruptions in the region. There are, however, currently no heat flow measurements within the lake to constrain recent volcanic activity and volcanic hazards. The measurements may reveal the extent of magma bodies that connect the subsurface to the volcanic eruptions seen at Earth’s surface. This project will be integrated into a summer field camp so that 20 students can participate in the measurement campaign and data interpretation. This project provides an opportunity to test new instrumentation that would be useful in a broad range of settings. The prototype geophysical probe, called the LTMP (Lake Thermal Monitoring Probe) consists of a compact (1-3 m long), lightweight (20 kg), camera-mounted Lister-type heat flow probe designed for deployment by only two people on a small (~5 m) vessel in a lake bottom. The probe will be designed to provide both real-time lake floor video for site selection, and real-time subsurface temperature monitoring for up to one year, with data continuously beamed back to researchers. If the new probe works, it will provide a new high-resolution tool for measuring heat flow and fluid flow changes in complex geologic settings like caldera lakes, revealing how heat flow below lakes is coupled to other geosystems and hazards (e.g., the atmosphere, groundwater, volcanoes, earthquakes).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.