Evaluating Social and Cultural Impacts: Decision Theory Meets Practice

评估社会和文化影响：决策理论与实践的结合

• 批准号: 1728807
• 负责人: Robin Gregory
• 金额: $ 52.37万
• 依托单位: Decision Science Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-03-15 至 2020-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1728807&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evaluating; Social; Cultural; Impacts; Decision

Developments are often promoted because they are expected to result in economic or environmental benefits to a region, state, or nation. In some cases, however, these same projects result in negative social, cultural, or health consequences to the local population. Although these impacts are common and widespread, methods used to assess the social and cultural effects of initiatives (either positive or adverse) have received far less attention than methods to address economic or environmental impacts. Reasons include the usual market-based perspective of economists or policy analysts and the practical challenges encountered when evaluating the broad range of social, cultural, or health effects of a project. The proposal takes an interdisciplinary perspective to construct better measures of social, cultural, and health effects using methods based in the decision sciences, environmental risk analysis, cultural anthropology, planning and policy evaluation, and psychology and statistics. The underlying premise is that improved measures of less tangible impacts will require improvements in both analytical and deliberative approaches. Key tasks include better understanding and identification of social and cultural impacts, better and more widely accepted metrics for incorporating qualitative or quantitative measures of these effects, and new methods that will successfully address uncertain future impacts, cumulative effects, and community-wide values (in contrast to the individual values favored under current approaches). This 2-year proposal begins with structured interviews with experienced experts to elicit key concerns and barriers to the routine inclusion of social, cultural, and health indicators as part of project evaluations. Phase 2 includes experiments, which will compare the responses of expert and public participants, and involvement by researchers as part of several ongoing case studies that are now being undertaken by federal (or state) regulatory and management government agencies. Phase 3 is a review and revision of project findings in light of the comments of experts drawn from Phase 1, and then the dissemination of results through papers and conferences.Outcomes of the project will help analysts to better represent and evaluate the community-based health, social, and cultural components of impact assessments, thereby leading to reduced levels of social conflict and more widely acceptable public policy initiatives.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

发展往往是促进，因为他们预计将导致经济或环境效益的地区，国家或民族。然而，在某些情况下，这些项目对当地居民造成了负面的社会、文化或健康后果。 虽然这些影响是普遍和广泛的，但用于评估举措的社会和文化影响（无论是积极的还是消极的）的方法受到的关注远远少于处理经济或环境影响的方法。原因包括经济学家或政策分析师通常基于市场的观点，以及在评估项目的广泛社会，文化或健康影响时遇到的实际挑战。该提案采取跨学科的视角，利用基于决策科学、环境风险分析、文化人类学、规划和政策评估以及心理学和统计学的方法，构建更好的社会、文化和健康影响衡量标准。基本前提是，要改进影响不那么明显的措施，就需要改进分析和审议方法。关键任务包括更好地理解和识别社会和文化影响，更好和更广泛接受的指标，将这些影响的定性或定量措施，以及新的方法，将成功地解决不确定的未来影响，累积效应，和社区范围内的价值观（与当前方法下的个人价值观相比）。 这份为期两年的提案首先与经验丰富的专家进行结构化访谈，以了解将社会、文化和健康指标作为项目评估的一部分的主要关切和障碍。第二阶段包括实验，将比较专家和公众参与者的反应，以及研究人员的参与，作为联邦（或州）监管和管理政府机构正在进行的几个案例研究的一部分。第三阶段是根据第一阶段专家的意见审查和修订项目结果，然后通过文件和会议传播结果，项目的结果将有助于分析人员更好地代表和评价影响评估的社区卫生、社会和文化组成部分，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Countering the prominence effect: How U.S. national security lawyers can fulfill non-prominent humanitarian objectives

应对突出效应：美国国家安全律师如何实现非突出的人道主义目标

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of national security law & policy
• 作者: Delaney, D. G.

Beyond choice architecture: a building code for structuring climate risk management decisions

• DOI: 10.1017/bpp.2020.37
• 发表时间: 2021-10-01
• 期刊: BEHAVIOURAL PUBLIC POLICY
• 作者: Arvai, Joseph;Gregory, Robin
• 通讯作者: Gregory, Robin

People, Pipelines, and Probabilities: Clarifying Significance and Uncertainty in Environmental Impact Assessments

人、管道和概率：澄清环境影响评估中的重要性和不确定性

• DOI: 10.1111/risa.13409
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Risk Analysis
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Gregory, Robin;Satterfield, Theresa;Boyd, David R.
• 通讯作者: Boyd, David R.

An integrated risk assessment and management framework for carbon capture and storage: a Canadian perspective

碳捕获和封存的综合风险评估和管理框架：加拿大的视角

• DOI: 10.1504/ijram.2019.103336
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management
• 作者: Larkin, Patricia;Leiss, William;Arvai, Joseph;Dusseault, Maurice;Fall, Mamadou;Gracie, Robert;Heyes, Anthony;Krewski, Daniel
• 通讯作者: Krewski, Daniel

Do people disagree with themselves? Exploring the internal consistency of complex, unfamiliar, and risky decisions

• DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2019.1569107
• 发表时间: 2021-05-04
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF RISK RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Bessette, Douglas L.;Wilson, Robyn S.;Arvai, Joseph L.
• 通讯作者: Arvai, Joseph L.