Ideas Lab Cracking the Olfactory Code: Followup PI Meeting (May 22, 2017); Arlington, VA

创意实验室破解嗅觉密码：后续 PI 会议（2017 年 5 月 22 日）；

• 批准号: 1741669
• 负责人: Herbert Levine
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-15 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1741669&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ideas; Lab; Cracking; Olfactory; Code

Olfaction is an evolutionarily primitive sense critical for survival across the animal kingdom - finding food, searching for mates, or avoiding predation all depend on detecting, identifying, and discriminating odors. Although early steps in olfactory processing are relatively well understood, significant gaps remain in our understanding of higher-order odor representations and processing during on-going behavior. Deciphering the operating principles of olfaction requires the development of innovative and integrative approaches that combine novel theoretical frameworks, improved mathematical models, and novel behavioral paradigms across the phylogenetic spectrum, experimental methodologies, and engineering principles. As part of the BRAIN Initiative, a 5-day focused Ideas Lab workshop was organized in Summer 2015 to bring together researchers from diverse scientific backgrounds to engender fresh thinking and innovative approaches that will transform understanding of olfactory processing in behavioral contexts while spawning new opportunities to elucidate the general nature of sensory representations in the brain. The workshop resulted in three awards to a total of 17 researchers in three project teams. This current workshop brings together the awardees, trainees and experts in Physics, Engineering and Neuroscience to share the exciting developments and findings from the projects. The workshop features investigators at all academic levels with a mix of quantitative researchers and neuroscientists. An integral aspect of the workshop is extensive cross-disciplinary interaction. Importantly, this workshop is part of a concerted effort to coordinate and align interagency priorities to accomplish the goals of the BRAIN Initiative. The workshop is anticipated to result in sharing of knowledge and development of integrative team approaches to tackle the nature of olfactory processing and sensory representations in the brain in general.

嗅觉是一种进化上的原始感觉，对整个动物王国的生存至关重要——寻找食物、寻找配偶或避免捕食都依赖于检测、识别和辨别气味。尽管嗅觉处理的早期步骤相对较好地被理解，但我们对持续行为过程中的高阶气味表征和处理的理解仍然存在重大差距。破译嗅觉的工作原理需要开发创新和综合的方法，将新颖的理论框架、改进的数学模型和跨系统发育谱、实验方法和工程原理的新颖的行为范式结合起来。作为 BRAIN Initiative 的一部分，2015 年夏季举办了为期 5 天的创意实验室研讨会，汇集了来自不同科学背景的研究人员，以产生新的思维和创新方法，从而改变对行为环境中嗅觉处理的理解，同时产生新的机会来阐明大脑中感觉表征的一般性质。此次研讨会为三个项目团队的总共 17 名研究人员颁发了三项奖项。本次研讨会汇集了物理、工程和神经科学领域的获奖者、实习生和专家，分享这些项目的令人兴奋的进展和发现。该研讨会的参与者包括各个学术层面的研究人员，其中包括定量研究人员和神经科学家。研讨会的一个不可或缺的方面是广泛的跨学科互动。重要的是，本次研讨会是协调和调整机构间优先事项以实现 BRAIN 计划目标的共同努力的一部分。该研讨会预计将导致知识共享和综合团队方法的开发，以解决大脑中嗅觉处理和感觉表征的本质问题。