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Towards the neural basis of joint attention

共同注意的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
231563695
负责人：
Professor Dr. Hans-Peter Thier
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Kognitive Neurologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/231563695?language=en
关键词：
Towards neural basis joint attention

项目摘要

Attention allows us to select particular aspects of information impinging on our sensory systems, to bring them to consciousness and to choose appropriate behavioural responses. Attention can be attracted by salient sensory features or, conversely, it can be allocated endogenously, guided by prior experience, expectations or conscious decisions. Social signals such as eye or head orientation are a particularly powerful class of sensory cues guiding attention. They allow us to define objects of common interest, objects of joint attention, a key step in developing a theory of (the other ones) mind. Our work on humans and rhesus monkeys in the preceding funding period has allowed us to establish that gaze following activates a distinct cortical region (the gaze following patch) in the posterior superior temporal sulcus in very similar locations in both species. Our comparative psychophysical work on gaze following in monkeys and man has established that in both shifts of attention guided by gaze cues occur very fast and cannot be fully controlled, even though gaze following may be vetoed by the context. Considering the fact that gaze following behaviour is known to emerge early during development in both human and non-human primates, we may conclude that gaze following is a domain-specific faculty. The strong similarities moreover suggest a homologous faculty. The findings obtained in the preceding funding period clearly suggest that the gaze following patch (GFP) plays a central and, moreover, highly specific role in orchestrating gaze following behaviour. Yet, this conclusion is so far solely based on correlational data (fMRI, single unit and local field potential recordings). We therefore plan to carry out experiments using reversible activation/deactivation with microstimulation, muscimol injections and optogenetic silencing in monkeys in order to establish a causal role of the GFP in gaze following and to work out the contribution of the neighbouring middle face patch (mFP).

注意力使我们能够选择影响我们感觉系统的信息的特定方面，将它们带到意识中，并选择适当的行为反应。注意力可以被显著的感官特征所吸引，或者相反，它可以被内在地分配，由先前的经验，期望或有意识的决定所引导。社会信号，如眼睛或头部的方向是一类特别强大的感官线索引导注意力。它们允许我们定义共同感兴趣的对象，共同关注的对象，这是发展（其他）心灵理论的关键一步。我们在前一个资助期对人类和恒河猴的研究使我们能够确定，凝视跟随激活了两个物种中非常相似位置的后颞上沟中的一个独特的皮质区域（凝视跟随贴片）。上级颞沟。我们对猴子和人类的凝视跟踪进行了比较心理物理学研究，结果表明，在这两种情况下，由凝视线索引导的注意力转移发生得非常快，并且无法完全控制，即使凝视跟踪可能会被上下文否决。考虑到这一事实，即凝视跟随行为是已知的出现在人类和非人类灵长类动物的发展早期，我们可以得出结论，凝视跟随是一个特定领域的能力。此外，这种强烈的相似性表明了一种同源的能力。在前一个资助期获得的研究结果清楚地表明，注视跟随贴片（GFP）在协调注视跟随行为中起着中心作用，而且具有高度的特异性。然而，这一结论到目前为止仅仅是基于相关数据（功能磁共振成像，单个单位和局部场电位记录）。因此，我们计划在猴子中使用可逆激活/失活与微刺激，蝇蕈醇注射和光遗传学沉默进行实验，以建立GFP在凝视跟随中的因果作用，并计算出相邻的中间面部斑块（mFP）的贡献。