ERA-CAPS: Mechano-purino signaling in abiotic stress

ERA-CAPS：非生物胁迫中的机械嘌呤信号传导

• 批准号: 1826803
• 负责人: Gary Stacey
• 金额: $ 58.6万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1826803&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ERA; CAPS; Mechano; purino; signaling

To survive, plants must maintain an upright stem in the face of wind, while their roots must forage for water and nutrients despite soil hardness and compaction. Wind induces adaptive, structural changes in stems, such as secondary thickening. Roots penetrate hard substrate and modify their growth and architecture as obstacles are sensed. Despite this ability to adapt, mechanical stresses contribute significantly to annual crop loss and decreased yield, problems likely to worsen with changing climate and increasingly stormy and erratic weather. Therefore, identifying the components of mechano-sensing and signaling is a priority for crop improvement. This project explores the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), generally known as an intracellular energy source, as an extracellular signal in response to mechanical stress (e.g., wind). The three groups involved have specific expertise in studies of plant signaling, especially related to extracellular ATP, as well as studies of how plants respond to mechanical stress. This project is relevant and timely regarding sustainable agricultural; better adapted crop plants are needed urgently but there is little information on how plants withstand mechanical stress. The research will identify new components of how stems and roots respond to wind and soil hardness, respectively, helping crop improvement programs for lodging, wind resistance and penetrative root growth. In addition to aiding water and nutrient uptake, deeper roots with more lateral outgrowth improve soil structure, thus improving water and nutrient retention. Wind damage also inflicts losses on forestry and urban landscapes. This project will provide foundational understanding on the adaptability of plants to mechanical stress and for improving crop yield for the increasing global population. Recent evidence points to an intersection between mechanobiology and purinergic signaling in plants. Purinergic signaling is the transduction of signals elicited by extracellular purine nucleotides, such as ATP. Specifically, extracellular ATP (eATP) has been found to increase as cells expand (a process that generates intrinsic mechanical stress) and eATP also increases in response to extrinsic mechanical stress. Moreover, eATP affects root development and governs the transcriptional response to wounding as the most severe mechanical stress. The recently discovered plant purino receptor, Arabidopsis DORN1, provides a unique opportunity to explore at the molecular and whole plant levels the relationships between purino- and mechano-signalling. Critically, the structure of DORN1 indicates it serves as a reporter of cell wall state. In this project, two, cross-disciplinary purino-signalling groups (Stacey and Davies) and a mechanobiology group (Moulia) will delineate the DORN1 mechano-purino signaling system using molecular, biochemical and biophysical approaches. Structure-function relationships of DORN1 will be probed to determine how its attachment to the wall can regulate its eATP binding activity. The cell membrane Ca2+ channels mediating the DORN1-dependent Ca2+ increase in roots and stems will be characterized. Phenotyping mutants will determine the impact of DORN1 and downstream Ca2+ channels on stem posture control, adaptive response to wind, root Ca2+ response and mechano-regulated growth. Outcomes of the research is important to agriculture and society because the results obtained in Arabidopsis can be translated to crops. Understanding how plant walls cope with mechanical stresses will provide a platform to overcome crop lodging and increasing crop resilience to environmental challenges. Combined with training students in interdisciplinary science, the project outcomes will contribute to food and national security.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

为了生存，植物必须在风面前保持直立的茎，而它们的根必须在土壤坚硬和压实的情况下寻找水和养分。风诱导茎的适应性结构变化，如次生加厚。根穿透坚硬的基质，并在感觉到障碍物时改变它们的生长和结构。尽管有这种适应能力，但机械应力仍显著导致年度作物损失和产量下降，这些问题可能随着气候变化和越来越多的暴风雨和不稳定的天气而恶化。因此，识别机械传感和信号的组件是作物改良的优先事项。 该项目探讨了三磷酸腺苷（ATP）的作用，通常被称为细胞内能量来源，作为细胞外信号响应机械应力（例如，风）。参与的三个小组在植物信号传导的研究方面具有特定的专业知识，特别是与细胞外ATP相关的研究，以及植物如何对机械应力做出反应的研究。该项目与可持续农业有关，也很及时;迫切需要更好地适应作物，但关于植物如何承受机械应力的信息很少。这项研究将确定茎和根如何分别对风和土壤硬度做出反应的新成分，帮助作物改善倒伏，抗风和渗透性根生长的计划。除了帮助水分和养分的吸收，更深的根与更多的横向生长改善土壤结构，从而提高水分和养分的保留。风灾还对森林和城市景观造成损失。该项目将为植物对机械应力的适应性提供基础性了解，并为全球人口的增加提高作物产量。最近的证据表明，机械生物学和植物中的嘌呤能信号之间存在交叉。嘌呤能信号传导是由细胞外嘌呤核苷酸（如ATP）引起的信号转导。具体而言，已经发现细胞外ATP（eATP）随着细胞膨胀（产生内在机械应力的过程）而增加，并且eATP也响应于外在机械应力而增加。此外，eATP影响根的发育和管理的转录响应伤害作为最严重的机械应力。最近发现的植物嘌呤受体，拟南芥DORN 1，提供了一个独特的机会，探索在分子和整个植物水平之间的关系嘌呤和机械信号。关键的是，DORN 1的结构表明它是细胞壁状态的报告基因。在这个项目中，两个跨学科的嘌呤信号组（Stacey和Davies）和一个机械生物学组（Moulia）将使用分子，生物化学和生物物理方法描述DORN 1机械嘌呤信号系统。DORN 1的结构-功能关系将被探测，以确定其附着到壁如何调节其eATP结合活性。将表征介导根和茎中DORN 1依赖性Ca 2+增加的细胞膜Ca 2+通道。表型突变体将确定DORN 1和下游Ca 2+通道对茎姿态控制、对风的适应性反应、根Ca 2+反应和机械调节生长的影响。研究结果对农业和社会很重要，因为在拟南芥中获得的结果可以转化为作物。了解植物壁如何科普机械应力将为克服作物倒伏和提高作物对环境挑战的适应力提供一个平台。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Extracellular ATP plays an important role in systemic wound response activation

• DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac148
• 发表时间: 2022-03-28
• 期刊: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 7.4
• 作者: Myers, Ronald J.;Fichman, Yosef;Mittler, Ron
• 通讯作者: Mittler, Ron

Early Extracellular ATP Signaling in Arabidopsis Root Epidermis: A Multi-Conductance Process

• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01064
• 发表时间: 2019-09-04
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Wang, Limin;Stacey, Gary;Davies, Julia M.
• 通讯作者: Davies, Julia M.

DORN1/P2K1 and purino-calcium signalling in plants: making waves with extracellular ATP

• DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz135
• 发表时间: 2019-11-27
• 期刊: ANNALS OF BOTANY
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Matthus, Elsa;Sun, Jian;Davies, Julia M.
• 通讯作者: Davies, Julia M.