Disjoint reference in real-time comprehension: Computational and cross-linguistic perspectives

实时理解中的不相交参考:计算和跨语言视角

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1941485
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2020-05-01 至 2024-10-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Language comprehension generally seems effortless for adult speakers in their native language. But this impression masks the fact that a significant amount of subconscious mental work is necessary to understand language in real-time. One difficult task in language comprehension is understanding pronouns, referentially underspecified words like 'he' or 'she' that pick up their meaning in context. In order to understand who 'her' refers to in a simple sentence like 'Ellie likes her,' listeners rely on a complex set of linguistic and extralinguistic cues. The linguistic cues do not seem to be arbitrary: Linguists have identified strong cross-linguistic tendencies in how languages constrain the possible meanings of a pronoun, with a limited amount of variation across languages. This cross-linguistic similarity is generally taken to reflect aspects of human cognition that are shared by speakers of all languages. Thus, studying cross-linguistic similarity and variation in pronoun comprehension offers one window into how the human mind creates meaning using language. A better understanding of how speakers of different languages understand pronouns can in turn help in the treatment of language disorders, as well as in the development of natural language processing systems to allow computers to better approximate human language use.This project will investigate this with a cross-linguistic, psycholinguistic approach. The research team will use eye-tracking to measure how listeners understand pronouns in real-time. In particular, they will investigate how linguistic constraints on pronoun reference are used by listeners in real-time: Does a language’s grammatical constraints on a pronoun's meaning immediately influence comprehension, or does it only restrict interpretation at a later stage? To explore this question, the present project will investigate pronoun comprehension in a number of unrelated languages that vary in key grammatical properties, and use computationally implemented cognitive models to understand the results. This project will involve advanced STEM training for researchers at different career stages, from undergraduates to post-doctoral scholars. The cross-linguistic component of this project will involve training and outreach opportunities for members of underrepresented groups in linguistics. The research team will also develop video materials to make the results of this research accessible to the general public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
对于成年人来说,语言理解在他们的母语中似乎是毫不费力的。但这种印象掩盖了一个事实,即大量的潜意识心理工作是实时理解语言所必需的。语言理解中的一个困难任务是理解代词,指的是像“他”或“她”这样的词,它们在上下文中获得了意义。为了理解“她”在一个简单的句子中指的是谁,比如“艾莉喜欢她”,听众依赖于一套复杂的语言和语言外线索。语言线索似乎不是任意的:语言学家已经确定了语言如何限制代词的可能含义的强烈跨语言趋势,不同语言之间的变化有限。这种跨语言的相似性通常被认为反映了所有语言使用者所共有的人类认知方面。因此,研究代词理解中的跨语言相似性和变化提供了一个窗口,可以了解人类大脑如何使用语言创造意义。更好地了解不同语言的说话者如何理解代词,反过来有助于治疗语言障碍,以及开发自然语言处理系统,使计算机更好地近似人类语言的使用。本项目将采用跨语言,心理语言学的方法对此进行研究。研究小组将使用眼动追踪来测量听众如何实时理解代词。特别是,他们将调查如何代词引用的语言约束是由听众在实时使用:一种语言的语法约束代词的意义立即影响理解,还是它只限制在稍后阶段的解释?为了探索这个问题,本项目将调查代词理解在一些不相关的语言,不同的关键语法属性,并使用计算实现的认知模型来理解的结果。该项目将为不同职业阶段的研究人员提供高级STEM培训,从本科生到博士后学者。该项目的跨语言部分将包括为在语言学方面任职人数不足的群体的成员提供培训和外联机会。该研究团队还将开发视频材料,使这项研究的结果向公众开放。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并已被认为是值得支持的评估使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
What Tagalog can teach us: The influence of word order in reflexive processing
他加禄语可以教给我们什么:词序对反射加工的影响
Principle B constrains the processing of cataphora: Evidence for syntactic and discourse predictions
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jml.2021.104254
  • 发表时间:
    2021-05-08
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.3
  • 作者:
    Kush, Dave;Dillon, Brian
  • 通讯作者:
    Dillon, Brian
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Brian Dillon其他文献

The Measurement, Estimation And Analysis Of Subjective Probability Distributions: With Applications To Investment And Production Decisions In Rural Tanzania
主观概率分布的测量、估计和分析:在坦桑尼亚农村投资和生产决策中的应用
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2011
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Brian Dillon
  • 通讯作者:
    Brian Dillon
Together They Stand: Interpreting Not-At-Issue Content
他们站在一起:解释非争议内容
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.8
  • 作者:
    L. Frazier;Brian Dillon;C. Clifton
  • 通讯作者:
    C. Clifton
Attachment and Concord of Temporal Adverbs: Evidence From Eye Movements
时间副词的依附与一致性:来自眼动的证据
  • DOI:
    10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00983
  • 发表时间:
    2019
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.8
  • 作者:
    N. Biondo;F. Vespignani;Brian Dillon
  • 通讯作者:
    Brian Dillon
No longer an orphan: evidence for appositive attachment from sentence comprehension
不再是孤儿:句子理解中同位依恋的证据
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2018
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Brian Dillon;L. Frazier;C. Clifton
  • 通讯作者:
    C. Clifton
Experimental Syntax and Island Effects: On the structural nature of island constraints
实验语法和岛屿效应:论岛屿约束的结构性质
  • DOI:
    10.1017/cbo9781139035309.011
  • 发表时间:
    2013
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.1
  • 作者:
    Brian Dillon;N. Hornstein
  • 通讯作者:
    N. Hornstein

Brian Dillon的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Brian Dillon', 18)}}的其他基金

Doctoral Dissertation Research: Processing garden paths across dialects: A study of African American English
博士论文研究:跨方言处理花园路径:非裔美国英语研究
  • 批准号:
    2214919
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
NSF-BSF: Bridging encoding and retrieval perspectives on sentence processing errors: Comparing Hebrew and English
NSF-BSF:桥接句子处理错误的编码和检索视角:比较希伯来语和英语
  • 批准号:
    2146798
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CompCog: Collaborative Research: Testing quantitative predictions of sentence processing theories with a large-scale eye-tracking database
CompCog:协作研究:使用大型眼动追踪数据库测试句子处理理论的定量预测
  • 批准号:
    2020914
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Workshop on Human Sentence Processing March 2020: Amherst, MA
人类句子处理研讨会 2020 年 3 月:马萨诸塞州阿默斯特
  • 批准号:
    1918104
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: The role of animacy and obviation in the processing of Ojibwe relative clauses
博士论文研究:生命性和回避性在奥及布威语关系从句处理中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1918244
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Reinterpreting Condition B: An Investigation of Pronominal Reference in Romanian
博士论文研究:重新解释条件B:罗马尼亚语代词指代的调查
  • 批准号:
    1823686
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Computing agreement in a mixed system - A psycholinguistic comparison of subject and object agreement
博士论文研究:混合系统中的计算一致性——主客体一致性的心理语言学比较
  • 批准号:
    1749290
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Ruins of the Twentieth Century
二十世纪的废墟
  • 批准号:
    AH/F015992/1
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.83万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship

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听力正常与听觉障碍人群脑中自我参照系统与环境参照系统之间的交互作用
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