Dynamics of macro-vortices in horizontal axis turbine wind farms

水平轴涡轮风电场宏观涡动力学

• 批准号: 1949778
• 负责人: Charles Meneveau
• 金额: $ 39.97万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1949778&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; macro; vortices; horizontal; axis

Fluid dynamics and turbulent flow phenomena are known to play dominant roles in the performance, efficiency and environmental impact of wind farms. There is growing interest in using fluid dynamics knowledge to improve wind energy harvesting and thereby achieve societal benefits such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and a renewable energy economy. This research project aims to develop air flow models for use in wind plant design and control. The working hypothesis is that flow modifications resulting from turbine actions, such as adjusting the angle of the turbine rotor to the incoming flow (yawing or tilting) or pulsing the surfaces that regulate power extraction, can best be understood using models of very large swirling flow structures called "macro-vortices." Such vortices are believed to extend for many hundreds of meters downstream of turbines in a wind farm. These structures can be responsible for changing the speed, direction, and frequency of the wind exiting a turbine and impacting the performance of downstream turbines. This research project will use computer simulations to study the generation, evolution, and decay of large-scale vortices in turbulent flows. Educational and outreach activities will leverage national and international research networks through Johns Hopkins University Society of Women Engineers. K-12 outreach will be coordinated through the Center for Educational Outreach at Johns Hopkins University and will include lectures as part of Engineering Innovation, a summer program for high school students. The project researchers will also participate in an intersession program at a local elementary school.This research project will develop the fundamental knowledge required to harness the potential of large-scale flow actuation, using wind turbine yaw, tilt, and cycling, in order to improve wind farm performance. Various research questions will be addressed using high-fidelity numerical datasets from a suite of Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of yawed, tilted, and periodically forced turbines. The project will characterize the properties (strength, effective core-size, positions and trajectories) of the macro-vortices generated under various conditions, including shear, surface roughness, and thermal stratification of the atmosphere, e.g. under buoyant (daytime) and stably stratified (nighttime) conditions. The project will develop reduced models that leverage lessons learned from the various LES data, as well as from basic physics of vorticity dynamics and simplified descriptions such as lifting line theory. The resulting reduced models and LES insights will be used to find improved arrangements or optimal networks of macro-vortices. The objective would be to increase vertical entrainment of mean kinetic energy from the faster winds above the wind turbines down into the wind turbine region.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

众所周知，流体动力学和湍流现象在风力发电场的性能、效率和环境影响中起着主导作用。人们越来越感兴趣的是利用流体动力学知识来改善风能收集，从而实现社会效益，如减少温室气体排放和可再生能源经济。 该研究项目旨在开发用于风力发电厂设计和控制的气流模型。 工作假设是，由涡轮机动作引起的流动修改，例如调整涡轮机转子与来流的角度（偏航或倾斜）或脉动调节功率提取的表面，可以使用称为“宏观涡流”的非常大的旋流结构的模型来最好地理解。“据信，这种漩涡在风力发电场的涡轮机下游延伸了数百米。这些结构可负责改变离开涡轮机的风的速度、方向和频率并影响下游涡轮机的性能。 本研究计画将利用电脑模拟来研究紊流中大尺度涡系的产生、演化与衰减。教育和外联活动将通过约翰霍普金斯大学女工程师协会利用国家和国际研究网络。K-12外展将通过约翰霍普金斯大学的教育外展中心进行协调，并将包括作为高中生暑期项目工程创新一部分的讲座。 项目研究人员还将参加当地一所小学的一个闭会期间项目。该研究项目将开发利用大规模气流驱动潜力所需的基础知识，利用风力涡轮机偏航、倾斜和循环，以提高风电场的性能。各种研究问题将解决使用高保真数值数据集从一套大涡模拟（LES）偏航，倾斜，并定期被迫涡轮机。该项目将确定在各种条件下产生的大涡旋的特性（强度、有效核心大小、位置和轨迹），包括切变、表面粗糙度和大气的热分层，例如在浮力（白天）和稳定分层（夜间）条件下。该项目将开发简化模型，利用从各种大涡模拟数据以及涡度动力学基本物理学和升力线理论等简化描述中吸取的经验教训。由此产生的简化模型和LES的见解将被用来找到改进的安排或最佳网络的宏涡。 其目的是增加垂直夹带的平均动能，从更快的风以上的风力涡轮机涡轮机下降到wind region.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得的支持，通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Network based estimation of wind farm power and velocity data under changing wind direction

风向变化下风电场功率和风速数据的网络估计

• DOI: 10.23919/acc50511.2021.9483060
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: American Control Conference (ACC
• 作者: Starke, Genevieve M.;Stanfel, Paul;Meneveau, Charles;Gayme, Dennice F.;King, Jennifer
• 通讯作者: King, Jennifer

Generation and decay of counter-rotating vortices downstream of yawed wind turbines in the atmospheric boundary layer

偏航风力发电机下游大气边界层反向旋转涡流的产生和衰减

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2020.717
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Shapiro, Carl R.;Gayme, Dennice F.;Meneveau, Charles
• 通讯作者: Meneveau, Charles

The area localized coupled model for analytical mean flow prediction in arbitrary wind farm geometries

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0042573
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Genevieve M. Starke;C. Meneveau;J. King;D. Gayme

Turbulence and Control of Wind Farms

风电场的湍流与控制

• DOI: 10.1146/annurev-control-070221-114032
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: and Autonomous Systems
• 作者: Shapiro, Carl R.;Starke, Genevieve M.;Gayme, Dennice F.
• 通讯作者: Gayme, Dennice F.

Effects of wind veer on a yawed wind turbine wake in atmospheric boundary layer flow

大气边界层流中风转向对偏航风力机尾流的影响

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevfluids.7.114609
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review Fluids
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Narasimhan, Ghanesh;Gayme, Dennice F.;Meneveau, Charles
• 通讯作者: Meneveau, Charles