TWC: TTP Option: Large: Collaborative: Towards a Science of Censorship Resistance

TWC：TTP 选项：大：协作：走向审查制度抵抗的科学

• 批准号: 1953513
• 负责人: Nicholas Feamster
• 金额: $ 22.56万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1953513&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: TWC; TTP; Option; Large; Collaborative

The proliferation and increasing sophistication of censorship warrants continuing efforts to develop tools to evade it. Yet, designing effective mechanisms for censorship resistance ultimately depends on accurate models of the capabilities of censors, as well as how those capabilities will likely evolve. In contrast to more established disciplines within security, censorship resistance is relatively nascent, not yet having solid foundations for understanding censor capabilities or evaluating the effectiveness of evasion technologies. Consequently, the censorship resistance tools that researchers develop may ultimately fail to serve the needs of citizens who need them to communicate. Designers of these tools need a principled foundation for reasoning about design choices and tradeoffs. To provide such a foundation, this project develops a science of censorship resistance: principled approaches to understanding the nature of censorship and the best ways to facilitate desired outcomes. The approach draws upon empirical studies of censorship as the foundation for models and abstractions to allow us to reason about the censorship-resistant technologies from first principles. The project aims to characterize and model censorship activities ranging from blocked search results to interference with international network traffic. The research develops theoretical models of censorship; reconciles these with large-scale empirical measurements; and uses these observations to design censorship-resistance tools to deploy in practice, as both components of Tor and standalone systems.

审查制度的扩散和复杂性必须继续努力开发逃避它的工具。然而，设计有效的审查制度抗性机制最终取决于审查员功能的准确模型，以及这些功能可能会如何发展。与安全性更具成熟的学科相反，审查制度的抵抗力相对较新，尚未具有理解审查能力或评估逃避技术有效性的坚实基础。因此，研究人员开发的审查阻力工具最终可能无法满足需要他们进行交流的公民的需求。这些工具的设计师需要一个原则上的基础来理解设计选择和权衡。为了提供这样的基础，该项目开发了一门审查制度的科学：理解审查制度的性质和促进预期结果的最佳方法的原则方法。该方法借鉴了对审查制度的经验研究，作为模型和抽象的基础，使我们能够从第一原则中推论耐心技术的技术。该项目旨在表征和建模审查活动，从搜索结果被阻止到干扰国际网络流量。该研究开发了审查制度的理论模型。通过大规模的经验测量来调和这些；并使用这些观察结果设计审查制度的工具来在实践中部署，以作为TOR和独立系统的组成部分。