RAPID: Compounding Crises: Facing Hurricane Season in the Era of COVID-19

RAPID：复合危机：面对 COVID-19 时代的飓风季节

• 批准号: 2030139
• 负责人: Gabrielle Wong-Parodi
• 金额: $ 19.99万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2030139&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Compounding; Crises; Facing; Hurricane

This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) grant provides funding to assess participants’ crisis exposure, their threat perceptions, their self- and response-efficacy, their emotional responses and their engagement in health protective behaviors as relevant to COVID-19 and to hurricanes. As the 2020 hurricane season commences, millions of Americans residing in the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts will face the likely possibility of dual crises – COVID-19 and hurricane exposure – with competing mitigation strategies. Experts project that there will be four hurricanes that will develop into major hurricanes (Categories 3, 4, or 5) in the Atlantic during the 2020 hurricane season (June 1st – November 30th). Concurrently, many in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast states are seeing alarming increases in confirmed case of COVID-19. The confluence of crises in communities at risk for hurricane exposure may create an untenable and tragic situation where millions of people may be suddenly asked to flee from an approaching major hurricane to shelters, potentially imperiling themselves and others to COVID-19. Hurricane-force winds further compound the risk given the high potential for Coronavirus to spread via respiratory droplets, potentially creating super-spreading environments and fueling fears about going to shelters. Repeated exposure to such crises can tax individuals’ emotional states, leading to difficulties in functioning and decision making over time. The important theoretical and practical question is: “How do people make proactive decisions regarding the threat of a hurricane in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic?”The research team conducts a prospective, longitudinal, epidemiological study of residents (n=1,683) from Texas and Florida, for whom the team has data on their exposure, behavior, and response to previous hurricanes. Participants are members of Ipsos’s KnowledgePanel, and complete two surveys: one at the beginning of the 2020 hurricane season and at the height of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and the second after the threat of a major land-falling Category 3, 4, or 5 hurricane. The researchers assess participants’ crisis exposure, their threat perceptions, their self- and response-efficacy, their emotional responses and their engagement in health protective behaviors as relevant to COVID-19 and to hurricanes. Moreover, the team uses publicly available datasets to create geocoded variables that link participant location to objective indicators of disaster exposure to both COVID-19 (e.g., deaths per 10,000, daily cases) and the physical parameters of hurricanes (e.g., inundation flooding, wind speed, air temperature). This project examines individual’s response to repeated exposure to hurricanes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, using pre-COVID, prospectively collected data, objective markers of exposure, and a longitudinal design. The findings are useful to policymakers, service providers, educators, and members of the media to communicate messages and design interventions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项快速反应研究（RAPID）拨款提供资金，以评估参与者的危机暴露，他们的威胁感知，他们的自我和反应效能，他们的情绪反应以及他们参与与COVID-19和飓风相关的健康保护行为。随着2020年飓风季节的开始，居住在大西洋和墨西哥湾沿岸的数百万美国人将面临双重危机的可能性- COVID-19和飓风风险-与竞争的缓解策略。专家预测，在2020年飓风季节（6月1日至11月30日），大西洋将有四场飓风发展成为主要飓风（3，4或5类）。与此同时，大西洋和墨西哥湾沿岸各州的许多人都看到COVID-19确诊病例的惊人增长。面临飓风风险的社区的各种危机可能会造成一种难以维持的悲惨局面，数百万人可能会突然被要求逃离即将到来的大飓风，前往避难所，这可能会使他们自己和其他人受到COVID-19的威胁。考虑到冠状病毒通过呼吸道飞沫传播的可能性很高，飓风风力进一步加剧了风险，可能会创造超级传播环境，并加剧人们对前往避难所的恐惧。反复暴露于这种危机会加重个人的情绪状态，随着时间的推移，导致运作和决策困难。重要的理论和实践问题是：“在COVID-19大流行期间，人们如何就飓风的威胁做出积极主动的决定？”该研究小组对来自德克萨斯州和佛罗里达的居民（n= 1，683）进行了前瞻性，纵向，流行病学研究，该团队拥有关于他们暴露，行为和对以前飓风的反应的数据。参与者是益普索知识小组的成员，并完成了两项调查：一项是在2020年飓风季节开始时和COVID-19大流行第一波高峰时，另一项是在大规模登陆威胁之后。3、4或5级飓风。研究人员评估了参与者的危机暴露，他们的威胁感知，他们的自我和反应效能，他们的情绪反应以及他们参与与COVID-19和飓风相关的健康保护行为。此外，该团队使用公开的数据集创建地理编码变量，将参与者的位置与COVID-19灾害暴露的客观指标（例如，每10，000人死亡，每日病例）和飓风的物理参数（例如，洪水泛滥、风速、气温）。该项目使用COVID-19大流行背景下的COVID-19前瞻性收集数据、客观暴露标记和纵向设计，研究个人对反复暴露于飓风的反应。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

Hurricane adaptation behaviors in Texas and Florida: exploring the roles of negative personal experience and subjective attribution to climate change

德克萨斯州和佛罗里达州的飓风适应行为：探索负面个人经历和主观归因对气候变化的作用

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac4858
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Wong-Parodi, Gabrielle;Garfin, Dana Rose
• 通讯作者: Garfin, Dana Rose