SCC-CIVIC-PG Track B: Knowledge-to-Action: Enhance Community Disaster Preparedness and Resiliency through Physical and Virtual Drills

该项目将使用社区能力办法(CCA)来实现备灾和复原力，这是对侧重于社区资源可获得性的社区资本框架(CCF)的补充。共同国家评估框架侧重于社区为“吸收不良事件、从中恢复并更成功地适应不良事件”而采取和实施的政策和计划。CCF基于应急管理的基本框架--减灾、备灾、响应和恢复。为了实现这一愿景，该项目的目标是建立一个跨学科、跨部门的知识行动网络。该网络将共同开发新的社区-大学伙伴关系(CUP)，以支持以证据为导向的解决方案，促进疏散准备，从而提高社区的复原力。参与范围的扩大使项目团队能够(1)举办虚拟KTAN研讨会，共同设计物理现实/虚拟现实(PR/VR)演练和复原力计划；(2)制定准备工作的量化指标；(3)创建侧重于人口部分的包容性活动。该项目将(1)产生重大的社会影响，以吸引社区领导人、成员、应急人员、地方和州应急管理人员(EM)/事件指挥官(IC)和研究人员；(2)实现社会、工程和计算机科学的跨学科整合，在它们的交叉点激发新的想法。该项目在连接理论框架和新兴工具方面弥补了现有差距，以帮助确定和评估社区备灾和复原力计划中的差距。该项目特别使用PR/VR演习相结合的方式，通过新的CUP来验证疏散准备的指标。项目组有两个目标：(1)开发一种适用于PR/VR演习的技术，以测试疏散计划/程序的有效性，从而找出其中的差距；(2)对新兴市场/独立实体进行调查，以收集有关当局决策时间、分布以及新兴市场过去在演习和实际疏散中的经验的数据，以确定如何更有效地设计演习来测试计划。主要创新是(1)新的跨部门KTAN，将理论研究转化为可操作的计划；(2)使用PR/VR演习来评估计划/程序的有效性；(3)创新地使用手机应用程序和前后调查来收集参与者的行动和风险感知变化；(4)纳入酒店、特殊设施(例如学校、医院、疗养院、监狱)和弱势群体(例如残疾人、低收入者和部落社区)的居民和游客；(5)疏散时间估计(ETE)分量的准确估计。该项目将促进跨学科合作，并开发新的CUPS，以增强社区的备灾和抗灾能力。该项目是对与NSF和国土安全部合作的轨道B--公民创新挑战--对自然灾害的复原力的响应。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project will use a community capabilities approach (CCA) to achieve disaster preparedness and resilience that complements a community capitals framework (CCF) which focuses on the community’s availability of resources. A CCA framework focuses on the policies and plans that communities have adopted and implemented to “absorb, recover from, and more successfully adapt to adverse events”. The CCF is based on the fundamental framework of emergency management - hazard mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. To operationalize this vision, the objective of this project is to establish a transdisciplinary cross-sector knowledge-to-action network (KTAN). This network will co-develop new community-university partnerships (CUP) to enable evidence-driven solutions that foster evacuation preparedness and, thus, community resilience. This broadening of participation allows the project team to (1) hold virtual KTAN workshops to co-design physical reality/virtual reality (PR/VR) drills and resilience programs; (2) develop quantitative metrics of preparedness; and (3) create inclusive activities that focus on population segments. This project will (1) yield significant societal impacts to engage community leaders, members, emergency responders, local and state emergency managers (EMs)/incident commanders (ICs), and researchers; (2) achieve interdisciplinary integration of social, engineering, and computer science to spark novel ideas at the intersection of them. This project bridges existing gaps in connecting theoretical frameworks and emerging tools to help identify and assess the gaps in community preparedness and resilience programs. This project specifically uses a combination of PR/VR drills to validate indicators of evacuation preparedness through a new CUP. The project team has two goals: (1) develop an appropriate technology for PR/VR drills that tests the effectiveness of evacuation plans/procedures and, thus, identifies gaps in them; (2) conduct a survey of EMs/ICs to collect data on authorities’ decision-making times, distributions, and EMs’ past experiences in drills and actual evacuations to determine how drills can be designed more effectively to test plans. The key innovations are (1) the new cross-sector KTAN that translates theoretical research into actionable programs; (2) the use of PR/VR drills to assess the effectiveness of plans/procedures; (3) the innovative use of a phone app and pre/post surveys to collect participants’ movements and risk perception changes; (4) the inclusion of residents and visitors at hotels, special facilities (e.g., schools, hospitals, nursing homes, jails), and vulnerable groups (e.g., people with disabilities, low-income, and tribal communities); (5) the accurate estimation of evacuation time estimate (ETE) components. This project will foster interdisciplinary collaborations and develop new CUPs to enhance community disaster preparedness and resilience.This project is in response to Track B - CIVIC Innovation Challenge - Resilience to Natural Disasters a collaboration with NSF and the Department of Homeland Security.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.