I-Corps: Developing A 3D Total Body Imaging and Analysis System for Early Detection of Skin Cancer

I-Corps项目更广泛的影响/商业潜力是开发高速高精度3D成像和皮肤分析系统。皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症，2019年确诊的新病例为550万例。研究表明，如果发现得早，皮肤癌的治愈率很高。早期发现黑色素瘤可以挽救生命，并通过降低癌症扩散到身体其他部位的风险来改善治疗效果。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的早期发现可以最大限度地减少毁容，提高许多患者的生活质量和生产力。所提出的技术可能是皮肤科医生的新工具，通过优化皮肤评估过程，支持远程皮肤科服务，降低护理的总体成本，使皮肤癌筛查更实惠。此外，这种3D成像技术还可以应用于化妆品开发的皮肤评估、正畸和美容手术的规划和评估、放疗患者的实时监控、电影和虚拟现实游戏制作的面部表情和虚拟人物创作，以及用于身份和财产保护的动态面部识别。I-Corps项目的基础是开发一种高速、高精度的3D扫描仪，使用多波长、相移结构光和使用计算保形几何的自动皮肤分析软件。所提出的3D扫描仪旨在以高速（高达180帧/秒）和高精度（深度分辨率为0.2mm）捕获人体的几何形状。二维皮肤变化的视觉识别是不切实际的。当视角改变、个体姿态变化或表面变形时，图像配准变得具有挑战性和不稳定性。所提出的解决方案是基于计算共形几何的广泛研究。由于保形映射的保形特性，可以通过处理二维保形图像来完成三维几何分析，这更容易、更快。与几何或拓扑复杂性无关，现实物理世界中的形状可以共形转换为三种标准形状之一（即单位球面、欧几里得平面或平面圆盘）。由于这种一致性，所有几何算法的设计都可以简化，从而大大提高了效率、精度和鲁棒性。通过结合高性能3D扫描和先进的保角映射技术，这种基础平台技术可以实现许多应用。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this I-Corps project is the development of a high-speed and high-precision 3D imaging and skin analysis system. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the US, with 5.5 million new cases diagnosed in 2019. Research shows that skin cancers are highly treatable if detected early. Early detection of melanoma saves lives and improves the treatment outcomes by reducing the risk of spreading cancer to other parts of the body. Early detection of nonmelanoma skin cancers minimizes disfigurement and enhances the quality of life and productivity for many patients. The proposed technology may be a new tool for dermatologists and make skin cancer screening more affordable by optimizing the skin evaluation process, supporting teledermatology services, and lowering the overall costs of care. In addition, there may be other applications of this 3D imaging technology in skin evaluation for cosmetic product development, planning and evaluation of orthodontic and cosmetic procedures, real-time monitoring of radiotherapy patients, facial expression and virtual character creation for movie and virtual reality game productions, and dynamic facial recognition for identity and property protection. This I-Corps project is based on the development of a high-speed, high-accuracy 3D scanner using multi-wavelength, phase-shifting structured light and an automated skin analysis software using computational conformal geometry. The proposed 3D scanner is designed to capture the human body’s geometry at high speed (up to 180 frames/second) and with high precision (depth resolution of 0.2mm). Visual identification of skin changes in 2D is impractical. When the viewing angle is altered, the individual’s posture varies, or the surface is deformed, image registration becomes challenging and unstable. The proposed solution is based on extensive research in computational conformal geometry. Due to the shape-preserving property of conformal mapping, 3D geometric analysis may be accomplished by processing 2D conformal images, which is easier and faster. Independent of their geometric or topological complexities, shapes in real physical worlds may be conformally transformed into one of three canonical shapes (i.e., unit sphere, Euclidean plane, or planar disk). Because of the uniformity, the design of all geometric algorithms can be simplified, resulting in dramatically improved efficiency, accuracy, and robustness. By combining high-performance 3D scanning and advanced conformal mapping techniques, this foundational platform technology may enable many applications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.